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The aim of theoretical grammar is …
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a) to describe grammar rules that are necessary to understand and make sentences;
b) to analyze semantic structure of words and paradigmatic relations within vocabulary;
c) to describe and analyze the grammatical system of a language;
d) to describe the means of word formation and word-building patterns.
8. Each period in English Grammar studies can be described as follows:
| 1.Prescriptive Grammar | a)is the objective study of a language structure, without reference to meaning and other languages which relies heavily on formal methods of analysis. |
| 2.Classical Scientific Grammar | b)focuses on the communicative, as opposed to cognitive, aspect of language and views grammar as a means to realize the three major language metafunctions. |
| 3.Structuralism | c)is characterized by patterning after Latin and by the use of logic and subjective opinion in classifying words and in establishing grammatical categories. |
| 4.Transformational-generative grammar | d)studies possible sentences, i.e. the speaker’s-hearer’s knowledge of a language (competence); it aims at a system of formal mathematically precise rules that generates grammatical sentences of the language and assigns to each sentence a structural description. |
| 5.Systemic functional grammar | e)focuses on actual usage without assessing its correctness and analyses the English of the best contemporary authors. |
9. Proper correlation of the approaches to classify words into parts of speech and their main ideas:
| 1.Semantic approach | a)reveals paradigmatic properties: relevant grammatical categories, the form of the words, their specific inflectional and derivational features. |
| 2.Functional approach | b)is based on the similarity of lexical meaning. |
| 3.Formal approach | c)concerns the syntactic function of words in the sentence and their combinability. |
Date: 2015-11-15; view: 3312; Нарушение авторских прав