Modeling in social and economic geography

The article considers peculiarities of mathematical modeling application in social and economic geography. Penetrating of mathematical methods in geography is caused by new scientific problems. It was promoted by development of appropriate techniques of applied mathematics which were developed according to requirements of particular sciences including geography. The article describes the structure of modeling process and shows the main functions of models: psychological, collective, logical, systematizing, constructive and informative. The author gives a classification of the models used in geography: the most widespread among them are multidimensional mathematical ones used for the typology. One of the most perspective methods of modeling of geosystems and geographical processes is simulation modeling. Problems of modern social and economic geography which demand application of methods of modeling are listed, the main of which is the study of structure and functional dependencies between the components of territorial systems. Presented the main provisions of modeling in geography, classification of mathematical and geographical models. The major methodological problems of modeling in geography are especially considered: great complexity and specifics of territorial systems, dynamic of geographical processes, variability of their parameters and structural relations, choice of the most adequate models. The main stages of modeling of geographical processes and the phenomena are analyzed in details. Necessity of extensive use of models in geography is concluded.

Key words: model, mathematical methods, mathematical geographical modeling, classification, imitation, forecast, territorial systems.

Date: 2015-09-20; view: 331; Нарушение авторских прав