Ex.3. USE the Gerund or the Infinitive to complete the sentences. Where necessary, add prepositions

1. There is no …. 2. There is not much …. 3. What about your report? Have you finished …? 4. … is out of the question. 5. It is no good …. 6. It is very good …. 7. His duty was …. 8. His work was …. 9. Your TV set doesn’t need …. 10. There is no need …. 11. There is no reason …. 12. He was looking for an opportunity …. 13. You needn’t …. 14. I don’t think there can be any chance …. 15. They were in a hurry; they could not stop …. 16. He was struck by the beauty of the scenery; he could not stop …. 17. I am used …. 18. On hearing the footsteps, he ceased …. 19. Then the article goes on …. 20. In spite of the late hour they went on …. 21. … would have been a mistake. 22. I can’t bear …. 23. They couldn’t afford …. 24. When a student I used …. 25. The climate seems …. 26. No matter how often I tried …. 27. We never intended …. 28. The weather looks like …. 29. Good-bye. It was very nice …. 30. He began … only when the noise subsided.

Ex.4. STATE whether the ing- form is a participle, a gerund, or a verbal noun. DEFINE the functions of the verbals.

1. Looking back upon that time was like remembering something that had happened long ago, when he was much younger. 2. Looking back upon that time, I thought that all might have been different but for the interference of my parents. 3. Dave lived there like a rent-paying tenant, his comings and goingsbeing of small concern to the others. 4. The distraught Jenny, sitting by her sleeping child, was at last made to realize, by his peaceful breathing, that all danger was over. 5. She left off ringing, and, sitting down at the top of the stairs, buried her face in her hands. 6. With a sudden tightening of the muscles he became aware of a figure walking noiselessly beside him. 7. There was a sound of rocking a chair in the room, and of a woman singing. 8. Sitting at the empty table made him feel sorry for himself. 9. An old clock kept with its ticking a jealous record of the seconds slipping away for ever from its old master. 10. Through spaces of the unfinished house, short-sleeved figures worked slowly, and sounds arose – spasmodic knockings, the scraping of metal, and the sawing of wood. 11. Stephanie walked slowly across the campus enjoying the Saturday afternoon luxury of walking without hurrying. 12. Having exhausted all the possible combinations of his vocabulary, the sailor quieted down to hard thinking. 13. He cursed himself for having come, and at the same time resolved that, happen what would, having come, he would carry it through. 14. Paul went to the bath and was rewarded some minutes later by hearing the shuffling of sleepers down the passage and the door furiously rattled. 15. The dim unwavering light fell on the rows of figures which were so uncannily like human beings that the silence the stillness seemed unnatural and even ghastly. He missed the sound of breathing, the rustling of clothes, the hundred and one minute noises one hears when even the deepest silence has fallen upon a crowd.

Ex.5. FILL IN not before the Participle, or without before the Gerund.

1. … speaking the language, he was questioned through an interpreter. 2. The man was holding forth, … paying attention to the attempts to interrupt him. 3. She never did a thing … asking somebody’s advice. 4. … having recognized me, she passed by … answering my nod. 5. I left him alone, … wanting to distract him from his work. 6. The girl looked innocently about her, … realizing what the joke was. 7. They could not see each other … immediately loosing their temper. 8. … waiting for an answer, he turned round and walked out. 9. I tried to catch his eye but he sat motionless, … looking in my direction. 10. They jumped at the proposition, … thinking of the consequences. 11. The wind had been blowing for many days … seeming to stop. 12. The door stood ajar, and we entered … knocking. 13. He never signed a paper … thoroughly reading it through. 14. The young man asked me all kinds of questions … concealing his curiosity.