Karaieva T.V., English language advisor, Cand. Ped. Sc., associate professor

Essential characteristics of economic decisions as well as the importance of farm decisions working out and choosing the most effective ones for the enterprise functioning have been given in the article.

Effective enterprise and farm organizations operation, sustainable rates of their work and competitiveness under present economic conditions are mainly defined by the level of management and efficiency of the chosen decisions. Taking into account the factors mentioned defines the urgency for researching the problem under consideration.

The purpose of the article is finding out the most suitable criteria in decision-making under conditions of uncertainty as well to analyze methods for risks decreasing.

For choosing the optimum strategy under situation of uncertainty the following criteria are used:

1. Weald’s criterion (the rule a max - min.) is guided by the best from the worst results.

2. The rule max-max is a criterion of optimism at which no possible result except the best are taken into attention.

3. The criterion of Sevidzha – this criterion is characterized by an extreme careful (pessimistic) position to possible losses due to the lack of authentic data on what of the situations influencing economic result, will take place in a certain case.

4. Gurvits's criterion is the weighed position of "pessimism - optimism".

5. Laplace's criterion - gives opportunity to separate the best option if any from conditions has no essential advantage.

The very notion of “economic decision” is being understood as the result of analysis, forecasting, optimization of an economic verification and an alternative choice from a set of options for achievement a specific goal of the enterprise.

Economic decisions are the result of complicated systematic human work. They should be optimal, effective and bring to certain expected result.

Their essence is being displayed in certain aspects that testify the impact of these decisions on economic, legislative organizational and technological interests of the enterprise.

In the course of functioning many subjects of entrepreneurship are being effected by many factors: social and political, administrative and legislative, productive, commercial, financial and others. The matter is that the high level of competitive environment makes each executive to pay attention to effectiveness in decision making. It is connected with future situations development, getting ultimate results from economic operations, but it is difficult to predict all mentioned operations as decision making at all managerial levels in economics being made under conditions of uncertainty in development, problems of exact predicting in certain events, not full or even false information being at the disposal. In reality it is impossible to overcome in business activity this uncertainty as it is the element of objective reality.

The above mentioned conditions of uncertainty are in the focus of research and observation of economists and experts of other spheres.

Nowadays the expert in economics taking into account possible coming changes creates the innovative field that could provide the sustainability of the enterprise as social and economic system.

However, as well as all other resources, information limited, therefore the majority of decisions is accepted under conditions of incomplete awareness and thus decision-making consequences bring to uncertainty of results that, in its turn, results to risks.

Uncertainty is being understood as impossibility to assess future succession of events, both from the point of view of probability of their realization, and from the point of view of the type of their manifestation.

Risk is a threat of loss by the enterprise of the part of its resources, income or emergence in additional expenses as a result of implementation of certain activities.

On the basis of the information given above it should be concluded that:

- the process of adoption of economic decisions is closely connected with uncertainty that brings risks;

- the higher level of responsibility the decisions have, the smaller the economic risk is.

Date: 2015-07-25; view: 250; Нарушение авторских прав