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Types of disinfectants
|
|
| Groups | Substances |
| Aldehyde-containing | Formaldehyde (use to disinfect glass, plastic, rubber, metal) |
| Guanidine | Chlorhexidine |
| Oxygen-containing | Hydrogen peroxide |
| Surface-active substances | |
| Alcohol | Ethyl 70% |
| Phenol-containing | |
| Chlorine-containing | Chloride lime, chloramine B |
Main methods of medical tools disinfection are boiling and dipping in disinfectant solutions. Boiling is recommended for medical tools and equipment made of glass, metal, rubber, heat-resistant materials. Boiling is done in 2% solution of sodium hydrocarbonate for 15 minutes.
Method of dipping into the disinfectant
For disinfection using this method we take the following solutions:
· 3% solution of chloramine B, dipping for 60 minutes (in tuberculosis hospitals – into 5% solution for 240 minutes)
· 6% solution of hydrogen peroxide, dipping for 60 minutes or 4% solution for 90 minutes
· 2% solution of glutaral, dipping for 15 minutes
· 70% solution of alcohol, dipping for 30 minutes
Sterilization
Sterilization – full removal of microorganisms from some substance or object by processing it with physical or chemical factors. Presterilization cleaning is necessary for all medical tools and objects of repeated use before the sterilization and/or disinfection to remove remains of protein, fatty, mechanical contamination, as well as medical substances. Presterilizationis effective if medical tools have no traces of blood; that is determined using amidopyrine or asopiram probes.
Solution for amidopyrine probe: right before the probing we mix up equal quantities (2-3 ml) of 5% alcoholic solution of aminophenazone, 30% solution of acetic acid, and 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide.
Solution for asopiram probe: to make 1-1,5% solution of asopiram we dilute muriatic aniline in 95% solution of 5 ethyl spirit. Ready-to-use solution can be kept in a refrigerator in a tightly closed bottle in darkness for 2 months, in room temperature (18-230C) – no longer than 1 month. Right before the probing we make the working solution mixing up equal quantities of asopiram and 3% hydrogen peroxide. The ready solution can be used during 1-2 hours. If it kept for a longer period of time it is possible that it will spontaneously turn pink.
It is forbidden to probe hot tools, as well as keep the solution in bright light or near any heating equipment.
To check the validity of the asopiram ready solution we put 2-3 drops on a blood spot. If no later than after 1 minute the spot turns purple and then into blue the solution is ready for use.
Date: 2016-07-18; view: 291; Нарушение авторских прав