Тема № 1: Высшее образование в России и за рубежом.

Вариант №7

Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education

Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education is the stage of learning that occurs at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, and institutes of technology. Higher education also includes certain collegiate-level institutions, such as vocational schools, trade schools, and career colleges, that award academic degrees or professional certifications.

The right of access to higher education is mentioned in a number of international human rights instruments. The UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966 declares, in Article 13, that "higher education shall be made equally accessible to all, on the basis of capacity, by every appropriate means, and in particular by the progressive introduction of free education". In Europe, Article 2 of the First Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, adopted in 1950, obligates all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education.

The general higher education and training that takes place in a university, college, or Institute of Technology usually includes significant theoretical and abstract elements, as well as applied aspects (although limited offerings of internships or SURF programs attempt to provide practical applications). In contrast, the vocational higher education and training that takes place at vocational universities and schools usually concentrates on practical applications, with very little theory.

In addition, professional-level education is always included within Higher Education, and usually in graduate schools, since many postgraduate academic disciplines are both vocationally, professionally, and theoretically/research oriented, such as in the law, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, and veterinary medicine. A basic requirement for entry into these graduate-level programs is almost always a bachelor's degree. Requirements for admission to such high-level graduate programs are extremely competitive, and admitted students are expected to perform well.

In the United States, there are large differences in wages and employment associated with different degrees. Medical doctors and lawyers are generally the highest paid workers, and have among the lowest unemployment rates. Among undergraduate fields of study, science, technology, engineering, math, and business generally offer the highest wages and best chances of employment, while education, communication, and liberal arts degrees generally offer lower wages and a lower likelihood of employment.

Задание 1.

1.1.Определите, является утверждение:

a. истинным

b. ложным

c. в тексте нет информации

Liberal arts degrees generally offer lower wages and a lower likelihood of employment.

1.2.Определите, является утверждение:

a. истинным

b. ложным

c. в тексте нет информации

A basic requirement for entry into these graduate-level programs is master’s degree.

1.3.Определите, является утверждение:

a. истинным

b. ложным

c. в тексте нет информации

Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education occurs at various educational establishments.

Задание 2.

Укажите, какой части текста (1,2,3,4,5) соответствует следующая информация:

The vocational higher education and training takes place at vocational universities and schools.

Задание 3.

Ответьте на вопрос:

Where does the general higher education and training take place?

a. in a university, college, or Institute of Technology

b. in career colleges

c. in academies