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1. A modern thermal power-station is known to consist of four principal components namely, coal handling and storage, boiler house, turbine house, switchgear.

2. If you have not seen a power-station boiler it will be difficult for you to imagine its enormous size.

3. Besides the principal components mentioned above there are many additional parts of the plant. The most important of them is the turbogenerator in which the current is actually generated.

4. A steam turbine requires boilers to provide steam. Boilers need a coal-handling plant on the one hand and an ash-disposal plant on the other. Large fans are quite necessary to provide air for the furnaces. Water for the boilers requires feed pumps. Steam must be condensed after it has passed through the turbines, and this requires large quantities of cooling water. The flue gases carry dust which must be removed by cleaning the gases before they go into the open air.

5. A modern thermal power-station is equipped with one or more turbine generator units which convert heat energy into electric energy. The steam to drive the turbine which, in its turn, turns the rotor or revolving part of the generator is generated in boilers heated by furnaces in which one of three fuels may be used–coal, oil and natural gas. Coal continues to be the most important and the most economical of these fuels.

6. Large installations with mighty turbogenerators are operating at a number of thermal power-stations in Russia. It is necessary to point out that the power machine building industry has started to manufacture even greater capacity installations for thermal power-stations.

7. At present great attention is paid to combined generation of heat and electricity at heat-and-power plants and to centralized heat supply. One of the world's largest heat-and-power installations is operating at the Moskowskaya thermal power-station-25.

8. Thermal power-stations are considered to be the basis of power industry. More than 80% of the country's total power output comes from the above stations.

It is necessary to say that separate power-stations in our country are integrated into power systems. Integration of power systems is a higher stage in scientific and technical development of power engineering.

Date: 2016-02-19; view: 710; Нарушение авторских прав