Translate the sentences below. Pay attention to the Complex Subject

1. Alpha particles were found to penetrate deeply within an atom without undergoing any appreciable deflection.

2. There has been found to be spectra of higher orders corresponding to particles which lost more than one electron.

3. The spin vector of the proton and the neutron has been stated to have two directions usually referred to as "up"' and "down".

4. The neutrinos can interact only by the weak force and as a result they scarcely interact with matter at all.

5. For some time light has been considered to consist of a stream of particles emitted radially from light sources such as the sun or a candle.

6. Oscillations in a closed system consisting of a homogenous mixture, however, were thought to be impossible because they would violate a basic law of physics and chemistry.

7. These ions are presumed to be sited so that they form a geometrically perfect lattice which repeats itself with no faults throughout the crystal.

8. The sharpness of spectral lines emitted or absorbed by atoms is taken to be an immediate verification of Bohr's postulate.

9. In high performance tubes voltage adjustments have been accepted to compensate for the effect of the relative inaccuracies in the geometry of the electrodes.

10. Because of the tendency to contract (сжиматься) the interior of a liquid is subject to an enormous pressure, which for water has been estimated to be roughly 10,000 atm.

11. The electrical conductivity of beryllium was anticipated to be not so great as was formerly assumed.

12. Upon thorough examination the departure of the experimental curve from the predicted one seems to be negligible.

13. Along with a list of attractive characteristics of reactors there seem to be dangerous points.

14. The interpretation of small-angle scattering appears to be a straightforward procedure, if the structure can be assumed to be spherical.

15. If a wave from some point source P strikes a flat surface and is reflected from it, the reflected wave will appear to come from point D behind the surface.