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Text C Customs Officers Must Not Be Given Free Reign
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Customs officers have the important responsibility to search people arriving in the United States to prevent illegal substances and weapons from being carried across our borders. To perform their duty, they have extraordinary power to perform searches, but these cannot be unlimited. To protect the innocent, our system of laws has always included checks and balances against government excesses. Unfortunately, the Trade Act of 2002, a bill that was recently passed by Congress and signed by the President, contains troubling provisions that essentially cancel any protection against unconstitutional searches by Customs officials.
This act expanded immunity in ways that would make it nearly impossible for a person to seek redress for an unconstitutional search and allow them to open outbound international mail without a warrant.
A federal report in 2000 found that while black female U.S. citizens were nine times more likely than their white counterparts to be subject to searches by the Customs Service, they were less than half as likely to be found carrying contraband. In the aftermath of this report, the Customs Service started to take steps to address the problem of racial profiling, but it has not done enough. The expansion of immunity is unnecessary.
Customs officials already have protections from unwarranted claims against them. There is no justification to give them essentially unchecked authority to perform searches. (1250 symbols)
5.4.1 Do you agree with the point of view of the author? Divide into two groups.
Group A. Discuss three main disadvantages of introducing such extreme measures in Russia from the point of view of tourists. Group B. Discuss three main advantages of introducing this system in Russia from the point of view of customs officials. 5.4.2 Say whether the following statements are true or false: 1) The act of expanded immunity for customs officers in the USA was approved by the majority of the population. 2) The bill essentially cancels any protection against unconstitutional searches by Customs office 3) Black female U.S. citizens were nine times more likely than their white counterparts to be subject to searches by the Customs Service. 4) They were also less than half as likely to be found carrying contraband. 5) The U.S. Customs Service started to take steps to address the problem of racial profiling and has done enough on this matter.
5.5 Read the text and try to translate it in written form. Dictionaries are allowed (800 symbols – 40 minutes) Text D Customs Entry and Customs Procedure Codes
All imports and exports are declared via the single administrative document or SAD. These may often be made on the official printed form, or via a plain paper version, either of which may be produced on a computer system, with Customs’ prior approval. The SAD is potentially an eight-part document, but for almost all purposes only parts of the document are used. Increasing use of computers has meant that most forwarders use a direct link to the Customs’ computer known as CHIEF (Customs Handling Import Export Freight). This means that often goods can be cleared with the actual papers being handed in later to Customs. Of course, if special documents are required, or customs inspection is necessary, the computer holds clearance until the relative steps have been taken. “Paperless” declarations are currently being considered, and may arrive in the future. (800 symbols) 5.6 Grammar Assignments
5.6.1 The following statements in Passive are grammatically incorrect. Find the mistakes and correct them. 1) You go to the check-in counter where your ticket is look at, and your things are weighed and label, a claim-check for each piece of your luggage are inserted in the ticket and you gave a boarding pass.
2) The form have to be fill in in block letters.
3) In most countries there is also a security-check when your carry-on luggage are inspected.
4) Some of the formalities are repeated when you are arrive at your destination.
5) The customs declaration and the immigration form is often filled on board the plane.
5.6.2 Put in the verbs given in brackets in the appropriate tense-forms:
When shopping, _____ receipts for all of your purchases. (keep) Upon reentering the country, be ready to show customs officials what you _____. (buy) If you _____ a duty is incorrect, appeal the assessment. (feel) If you object to the way your clearance _____handled, get the inspector’s badget number. (be) In either case, first ask to see a supervisor, then write to the port director at the address _____ on your receipt. (list) Send a copy of the receipt and other documentation. If you still _____ satisfaction you can take your case to customs headquarters in Washington. (not get)
Date: 2015-08-07; view: 1956; Нарушение авторских прав