Examples. Who was the first man in space?

Who was the first man in space?

Yuri Gagarin was.

• ACTIVITY 4E

Complete the following dialog by filling in the blanks. Use was or were.

(Arnold and his father argue about almost everything. In this dialog, they are arguing about the moon shot.)

ARNOLD: Remember the moon shot?

FATHER: I remember. Three Americans landed on the moon. Wasn't(negative) that exciting?

ARNOLD: Only two landed on the moon. One stayed in the capsule.

FATHER: Oh, yes. That's right.

ARNOLD: How long_______ they on the moon? Do you remember exactly?

FATHER I think they there for a couple of days.

ARNOLD: No, that's impossible. They________ there for only a few hours.

FATHER: Oh, well. I guess you're right. Where_________ Neil Armstrong when he spoke to President Johnson? __________ he on the moon or back in the capsule?

ARNOLD: Johnson? Johnson_________ (negative) president then. Nixon

FATHER: All right, Mr. Know-it-all; how do you know so much?

ARNOLD: I________in a bar with friends. We_______ there for hours. We watched the broadcast on TV there. And where________ you?

FATHER: I don't remember where I______.

• ACTIVITY 4F

Use the words in the correct sentence word order, and use the past tense. When you finish, you will have a short paragraph about the life of John F. Kennedy. In general, use this word order in your sentences.

subject + verb + object + place + time

subject + (tobe) + (adjective or noun) + place + time

1. (be/ president/ John F. Kennedy/ during the first great expansion of the space program) John J. Kennedy was president during the first great expansion of the space program.

2. (be/ he/ as a writer/ successful/ also)

_______________________________________________________________________

3. (be/ Massachusetts/ his home state)

_______________________________________________________________________

4 (grow up/ Kennedy/ there/ and/ Harvard University/ attend/ later)

______________________________________________________________________

5. (write/ at Harvard/ he/ Why England Slept)

______________________________________________________________________

6. (be/ before World War 11/ about England/ this book)

_______________________________________________________________________

7 (experience/ fifteen years later/ Kennedy/ severe back pain)

_________________________________________________________________________

8. (be/ he/ for many months/ in the hospital)

_______________________________________________________________________

9. (write/ he/ another book/ at this time)

_______________________________________________________________________

10. (describe/ famous Americans/ in this book, Profiles in Courage/ he)

_________________________________________________________________________

11. (win/ in 1956/ it/ for literature/ the Pulitzer Prize)

_______________________________________________________________________

•ACTIVITY 4G

Fill in the blank with either the present continuous or single past tense of the verb in parentheses.

Voice Communication: Sunday, July 20, 1969, 10:56 P.M.

(Neil Armstrong is already on the moon. Buzz Aldrin is still in the lunar module. He is getting ready to join Armstrong on the moon. They are talking to Ground Control in Houston, Texas.)

ARMSTRONG: I am standing (stand)on the moon. I ____ (look) up at the windows of the lunar module.

GROUND CONTROL: We ________(get) a picture on the TV now. You______ (stand) upside.down in the picture.

ARMSTRONG: I'm not upside down here. Look, I________(make) footprints in the sand. Beautiful view here.

ALDRIN: (from the lunar module) Ready for me?

ARMSTRONG: Roger.¹⁰ Take it easy now. You _____(see) my difficulties when I ____(step) down before.

ALDRIN: I______(stand)on the top step now.

ARMSTRONG: OK. I ______(come) down the steps very slowly. I ______(hop). That _____(be)comfortable for me.

ALDRIN: Good. I _____(come) down now too. Here I_____(be). It _______(be) beautiful!

ARMSTRONG: You _______down easily. (come) (negative, be), it fun?

ALDRIN: It sure _____(be). I ______(negative, be)any trouble. Hey, you _____around like a kangaroo!

ARMSTRONG:I _____almost ________ (float)!

ALDRIN: Hey, what _____(happen)? Why____ you_____(stop)? _________you ______ (find) something?

ARMSTRONG: Yes, I _______(find) a purple rock. Look at it!

GROUND CONTROL: Bring it back!

USED TO

When we want to talk about an action that we did repeatedly in the past but that we don't do anymore, we use the expression used to.

Statements: subject + used to + base form

subject + didn't use to + base form

Questions: Did (n't) subject + use to + base form?

¹⁰ Roger means «That’s right. Yes».