Unit 19 Subjunctives and Conditionals

Exercise 262,

Use the subjunctive mood in the following sentences.

Example: I will be glad to meet you again. — / would be glad to meet you again.

1.1 will apologize to him for being late. 2. Everybody will be glad to go there. 3. I'll eat something sweet. 4. It does not make much difference. 5.1 won't go to Egypt in summer. 6. She will do her best to improve the situation. 7. He will give you a different answer. 8. Nobody blames them. 9. Do you find it inconvenient? 10. He will warn you of the danger. 11. A true friend will never fail you. 12. They will accept the invitation for Sunday. 13.1 will never agree to it. 14. A wise man will find a way out of the situation. 15, It will be interesting to find out who is right.

Exercise 263.

Open the brackets and use the subjunctive mood.

Example: Why didn't you tell me? I (close) the window long ago. — / would have closed the window long ago.

1. In your place I (arrange) everything yesterday. 2. At that time he (take) the necessary steps. 3. Why did you wash up? I (do) it myself. 4. She (buy) the dress, but she had no money. 5. He (advise) them what to do, but he couldn't get in touch with them. 6. We (go) to the country rain or shine, but he was busy last weekend. 7.1 (come) to see him last week, but I got ill and had to stay in bed. 8. It (be) important then but not now. 9. They (take) a taxi, but there was none. 10. Why didn't you ask them to discuss your problem then? They (not postpone) it.

Exercise 264.

Choose the right variant.

1.1 would (have brought/bring) the book, but you did not tell me you needed it. 2. It would (be/have been) wise of you to consult a dentist twice a year. 3.1 think nobody would (object/have objected) to having a party tomorrow. 4.1 did not know that it was so important for you. I would (do/have done) it long ago. 5. In your place I wouldn't (argue/have argued) with her yesterday. She is your boss. 6. Last year he wouldn't (say/have said) so of John. 1,1 wouldn't (worry/have worried) about it now. Everything will clear up soon. 8. We would (stay/have stayed) for an hour, but it is rather late. 9. We did not know that we would come to the lake. We would (take/ have taken) our rods. 10.1 would (go/have gone) to sea, but my father wanted me to be a lawyer.

Exercise 265.

Open the brackets in the conditional sentences making necessary changes.

A Example: If he (come) tomorrow, he will help us. — If he comes tomorrow, he will help us.

1. If you (put) salt on ice, it will melt. 2. If he (leave) now, he will miss the rush hour. 3. Provided that she (service) the car, we'll be able to drive to the country. 4. Unless he (do) his homework, he'll stay at home. 5. Providing that we (get up) early, we'll reach the place of destination in time. 6. They will let us know if they (see) him.

В Example: If he (come) tomorrow, he would help us. — If he came tomorrow, he would help us.

1. If you met the president, what you (do)? 2. If he (live) nearer, we would see each other more often. 3.1 might go for a walk if the weather (be) nice. 4.1 would call him up if he (come) tomorrow. 5. If I were as young as you are, I (sail) in a boat round the world. 6.1 would go skiing if there (be) more snow. 7, She would play tennis if it (be) not so hot. 8. If I (be) in his shoes, I wouldn't invite the Browns. 9. If we (not have) to study, we would go out tonight. 10. Where you (go) if you were on leave?

C Example: If he (come) yesterday, he would have helped us. — If he had come yesterday, he would have helped us.

1. She (notice) this mistake if she had been more attentive. 2, 1 might have gone on an excursion with you if I (know) about it beforehand. 3. If we (know) that you were there, we would have called on you. 4. If I had known of his arrival, I (meet) him. 5. Nobody told me about your trouble. I would have helped you if I (know) about it. 6. If you had tried your best, you (get) the job. 7. If he (not work) late, he would have caught his bus. 8. If Mary had agreed to sit in for us, we (go) to the movie yesterday. 9. He (pass) his exams well if he had studied hard. 10 Л would have prepared everything yesterday if I (receive) your message on Monday.

Exercise 266.

Open the brackets using the proper form of the subjunctive mood.

1. He failed to appreciate our difficulty. He (behave) differently if he (realize) the situation. 2. He often asks me about you. If you (come) to see him tonight, he (be) delighted. 3. Why did you leave so hurriedly? If you (stay) there for another week, he (finish) your portrait. 4. Why do you always talk in such a scornful manner? If I (be) in your shoes, I (not be) so rude. 5. If you (smoke) less, you (feel) much better. 6.1 think that if you (tell) them tha* our invitation still stands, they (give) it another thought. 7. She (do) her best to save the situation if she (be) there but she was on business then. 8. Where you (go) if you (be) ел leave now? 9. How about, going to Spain? The weather (be) perfect if we (go) now, and we (be) able to go water-skiing. 10. If Jack (come) home earlier last night, he (call) you back. 11. If you (not complain) so much then, everyone (be) satisfied and she (not) be fired. 12, What you (reply) if somebody (apologize) to you?

Exercise 287.

Change the following sentences according to the example.

Example: If he came to see us, we would have a good time. — Should he come to see us, we would have a good time. If he had come to see us yesterday, we would have had a good time. — Had he come to see us yesterday, we would have had a good time,

1, If I had known who was invited, I would have never come, 2. You would hardly recognize her if you met her. 3, If a passer-by hadn't helped us, we would not have found the way. 4. Mother would have had a short rest if the sick boy had gone to sleep. 5. We wouldn't have made friends with them if we hadn't stayed at the same hotel. 6. It wouldn't have been so cold in the morning if the wind had stopped blowing. 7. Peter would accept your invitation if he were in London. 8. They wouldn't have quarreled if they both bad not been so nervous. 9. If they didn't like each other, they wouldn't spend so much time together. 10. If it snowed, the weather would get warmer.

Exercise 268.

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the correct form. Pay attention to the adverbial modifiers of time.

1. If he (book) tickets yesterday, he (lie) on the beach now. 2. She (not forgive) him if she (not be) his mother. 3. If you (drink) less last night, you (not feel) so bad today. 4. If he (be) cleverer, he (not behaved) so foolishly yesterday. 5. If I (know) English well, I (translate) the article long ago. 6.1 (take) part in the last competition if I (be) younger. 7. If he (do) work yesterday, he (be) free today. 8. If you (take) into account his behavior then, you (not have) so much trouble now. 9. You (may be) a star now if you (be offered) the part in the film then. 10. If she (not decide) to change a job last year, she (go) to China next month. 11. He (not go) to sleep over that book if it (not be) so dull. 12. If he (be) a good musician, he (take part) in yesterday's concert.

Exercise 269.

Translate into English.

1. Ты бы расстроился (be upset), если бы я не при­шел? 2. Будь он осторожнее, он бы не упал. 3. Если бы он не приехал на машине встретить нас, нам бы са­мим пришлось нести свои вещи. 4. Ты бы пошла куда-нибудь вечером, если бы он тебя пригласил? 5. Мы бы поехали сегодня в бассейн, если бы вы позвонили вчера вечером, 6. Если бы он мог дать положительный (positive) ответ, он бы давно это сделал. 7. Я бы на тво­ем месте не стал бы поднимать такой шум (raise a clamor), 8- Если бы ты принял его предложение, ты бы давно работал в хорошей фирме. 9. Будь я на вашем месте, я бы пошел пораньше, чтобы застать его. 10. Если бы он вел машину осторожнее, никакой бы аварии не произошло, 11 Не сломай он ногу, он бы выиграл тур­нир (tournament). 12. Никто бы не обвинил (blame), тебя, если бы ты вел себя по-другому.

Exercise 270.

Open the brackets and use the correct form of the subjunctive mood,

1. She was breathing heavily as if she (run) a long distance. 2. It seemed as though he (know) it long ago, 3. She looked at him as if she (see) a ghost. 4, He looked as if he (want) to say something but (be) afraid to begin his speech. 5, She behaved as though nothing (happen), 6, It seemed as if he never (hear) of it before. 7. They met as though they (see) each other for the first time. 8. They talked as if they never (meet) before, 9, They talked as if they (know) each other for ever so many years and it (not be) the first time they met. 10. He nodded slowly as if he (agree) to her suggestion but she knew he would never do it. 11. Her eyes were swollen and had shadows as if she (not sleep). 12, They stared at each other in silence, and it was as if they (listen) for distant footsteps. 13. He speaks French as if he (be) a Frenchman. 14. Nothing had changed in the room but it seemed as though somebody (be) there, 15. She looked very tired as if she (work) from early morning till late at night.

Exercise 271.

Translate into English,

1. Она счастлива, посмотри на нее. Она выглядит так, как будто помолодела на несколько лет. 2. У него было такое чувство, как будто его обманули (deceive). 3. Взрыв (explosion) был очень сильным. Стало светло как днем. 4. Он выглядит так, как будто он победи­тель. 5. Она не остановилась, как будто не слышала, что ее зовут. 6. Вы выглядите усталым, как будто дав­но не отдыхали. 7. Он часто смотрел на часы, как будто спешил куда-то. 8. Она смотрит на мир, как будто он принадлежит ей. 9. Он уставился на меня, как будто я сказал что-то не то.

Exercise 272.

Choose the right variant and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. She wished at that moment she (had not sent/did not send) for him. 2. "I wish I (had been/were) there with you," he said with deep regret. 3. She says she wishes I (had been/were) a thousand miles away. 4.1 wish she (had not looked/did not look) so sad. 5. The professor wishes I (had studied/studied) harder. 6. We wished he (had not come/did not come) so late yesterday. 7.1 wish you (had seen/saw) the play. It was a great success. 8.1 wish they (had introduced/introduced) their friends to me at the party. 9. She wishes her father (hadn't known/ didn't know) it. 10. He wished they (hadn't noticed/didn't notice) his embarrassment.

Exercise 273.

Paraphrase the following sentences using the subjunctive mood after the verb wish.

Example: It's a pity you are so busy these days. — I wish you were not so busy these days.

1. It's a pity we won't be able to reach the village before sunset. 2. My friend regrets not having told you all at once. 3. It's a pity that you did not send your son

for one of us last night. 4. What a pity you are leaving so soon. 5. Unfortunately, he did not receive the answer before Christmas. 6.1 am sorry I made you upset by bringing such depressing news. 7. The patient was sorry that he had not fulfilled all the doctor's instructions. 8. She was sorry she had no money to buy a toy for her son. 9. They were disappointed that they had not persuaded her. 10. It's a pity we are not so young as you are.

Exercise 274.

Translate into English.

1. Как жаль, что он пришел так поздно. Мы не ус­пели поговорить о наших проблемах, 2. Как жаль, что он не разработал этот проект. 3. Как жаль, что нам придется так скоро уехать. 4. Обидно, что вы не дожда­лись его прихода. 5. Я теперь жалею, что не послушал­ся его совета. 6. Обидно, что вас не поняли. 7. Жаль, что вы упустили такой шанс. 8. Обидно, что ей придет­ся отказаться от такого предложения. 9. Как жаль, что он работает допоздна. 10. Он пожалел, что пришел и привел с собой друга. 11. Я бы очень хотела быть сей­час в Лондоне. 12. Как бы мне хотелось говорить по-английски так же хорошо, как он.

Exercise 275.

Choose the correct variant.

1. It was desirable that we (started/start) at dawn. 2.1 insist that she regularly (should inform/would inform) us of her whereabouts. 3. It was suggested that they (cover/would cover) the distance in very short time. 4. The lawyer demanded that the prisoner (would be freed/ be freed). 5. The coach insisted that the athlete (should start/starting) training in a month. 6. The chairman proposed that the question (being put/be put) to vote. 7. Why do you insist that he (do/would do) the task on his own? 8. It is necessary that the sick man (to stay/ gtay) in bed for a fortnight. 9. It is not advisable that the children (were left/be left) alone. 10. It is important that Mr. Leeds (would give/should give) a speech.

Exercise 276.

Paraphrase the following using the Subjunctive mood.

1. It is advisable for you to see a doctor before going to the South. 2. He had to suggest her taking part in the competition. 3. The doctor recommended her to keep to a diet. 4. The captain ordered everybody to leave the deck. 5. The majoi ity of the committee insisted on the matter

being postponed. 6. It was suggested the celebration being put off. 7. It is necessary for the child to spend more time out of doors. 8. The demonstrators demand the ifecrease in prices. 9. It is quite uncommon for them to be against such a reasonable suggestion. 10. They advised

her to find another job. 11. It is necessary for you to hand in an application not later than a week. 12. He insisted on being given a chance to prove his point of view. 13. It is very important for them to see the purpose of their work. 14. They requested for the goods to be delivered in time. 15. It is desirable for the applicant to have his address and telephone number in case the management may want him.

Exercise 277.

Translate into English using the sub­junctive mood.

1. «Желательно, чтобы вы повторили (revise) все слова перед контрольной работой», — сказал препода­ватель. 2. Он настаивал на том, чтобы ему передали всю дополнительную информацию. 3. Я требую, чтобы он ушел. 4. Комиссия предложила включить его в спи­сок. 5. Мы предлагаем им сделать перерыв. 6. Детям необходимо спать на открытом воздухе. 7. Вы должны наконец настоять, чтобы он возвращался домой вовре­мя. 8. Комитету рекомендовано разработать новую программу. 9. Председатель (chairman) предложил отложить вопрос. 10. Профессор требует от нас сдавать работы в напечатанном виде. 11. Предлагаю сделать это упражнение сейчас. 12. Погода хорошая, и я реко­мендую всем прогуляться до станции пешком.

Exercise 278.

Find and correct the mistakes if any.

1.1 cannot give him such a job. I wish he were light-minded. 2. It was desirable that all participants came on time. 3. If he would go there, I did not come. 4. He insisted that everybody would sign the paper. 5. He looks upon the cottage as if it is his property. 6. If he had come a bit earlier, he would have time to say goodbye to you. 7. She wished she had never mentioned his name. 8. Was it so important that he be present? 9. Should he could do it, he would do it. 10.1 demand that he is taken to hospital immediately.

Test7

Choose the right variant.

1.___beforehand, we___the catastrophe.

a) did we know, would prevent

b) would we know, had prevented

c) had we known, would have prevented

d) should we know, had prevented

2.1 don't know how___him. I wish I___his name.

a) address, did not know

b) to address, knew

c) addressing, would know

d) to address, should know

3.1 look forward to___a rest. I___as if my head _ splitting.

a) having, feel, were

b) having, feel myself, were

c) have, had felt, were

d) have, am feeling, is

4. He couldn't remember his mother___, But would everything_______if mother hadn't died?

a) dying, be, differently

b) to die, have been, as different

c) dying, have been, different

d) die, has been, so different

5. "Oh, Mary," she said. "I wish you___with us, for we had___fun."

a) had been, such a

b) were, so___

c) would be, so a

d) had been, such___

6.1 remember his colour___away in a moment and he seemed___as if he___.

a) go, breathing, had been running

b) to go, to breathe, ran

c) going, to breathe, had been running

d) have gone, to be breathing, was running

7. The vase is beautiful. You_______to match___ you___.

a) wouldn't find, another, unless, had tried

b) wouldn't have found, the other, if, would have tried

c) shouldn't find, the other, unless, tried

d) wouldn't find, another, if, tried

8. If you___the medicine the doctor prescribed you, you_______now.

a) had taken, would feel, much better

b) took, would feel, much more well

c) would take, would feel yourself, much more better

d) had taken, would have felt, much more good

9.1 remember it so___as if it___only yesterday.

a) clear, happened

b) clearly, had happened

c) clear, would have happened

d) clearly, would happen

10. If you___the article I recommended you, you ___how___such questions.

a) had read, had known, to answer

b) read, would know, the answer

c) would have read» would know, answer

d) had read, would know, to answer

11.1 must be off now. If it___not so___, I___a little longer.

a) were, lately, would stay

b) were, late, would stay

c) had been, late, would have stayed

d) wouldn't be, lately, stayed

12.___I___the story from his own lips I___ that he was capable of___action.

a) if, had heard, would never believe, such

b) unless, had heard, would have never believed, such an

c) in case, have heard, would never believe, so an

d) provided, had heard, would have never believed, such

13. In order to make our demands effective and to get the authorities___them we suggested that there ___no return to work today.

a) to fulfil, be

b) fulfil, should be

c) fulfilled, would be

d) fulfilling, were

14.1 am going to have my kitchen___. It is necessary that every crack___covered; also between___floor and___door.

a) to repair, will be, the.___

b) to be repaired, is,___. the

c) repaired, should be, the, the

d) being repaired, be,___,___

15. John demanded that Andrew___to the house with him to.___ tea.

a) would return,___

b) returned, the

c) return,___

d) should return, the

16. She wished he___what he___to say, and let

a) would say, has, her to go

b) said, had, she go

c) had said, would have, she going

d) said, had, her go

17. He thought how hard the wind___and how the cold sharp rain___in his face at that moment, if he___ ___at home.

a) was blowing, would be beating, were not sitting, comfortably

b) is blowing, will be beating, is not sitting, comfortable

c) blew, beat, was not sitting, comfortably

d) had blown, had beaten, were not sitting, comfortable

18.1___to your place with pleasure___nothing ___me,

a) will come, unless, prevented

b) will come, if, prevents

c) would come, unless, prevented

d) would have come, providing, would prevent

19. When they_______lunch he suggested that they ___a stroll to___Luxembourg museum.

a) have finished, the, should have, the

b) finished,___, had,___

c) would have finished, a, would have,___

d) had finished,___, have, the

20. You never did anything___to___. If you _ you___more support now.

a) well, someone, did, would have

b) good, anyone, did, would have had

c) well, anyone, had done, would have had

d) good, anyone, had done, would have

Unit 20

The Preposition

Exercise 279.

Fill in the blanks with the prepositions of time in, on, at where necessary.

I. I usually finish work early___Friday. I don't work___the weekend. 2. Let's meet___five___Sunday, July 14. 3.1 am busy___the moment. Come___ten minutes' time, please. 4. There was a boat race in Southampton___Easter Day. A lot of people usually

come there___Easter to see the race. 5. Can you imagine what the world will be___.the year 2100? 6. When will you have your holiday,___winter or___summer? — I'll have it late___August. 7. We started off___midnight and reached the place of destination___twelve hours ___noon. 8.1 was in France in 1997.___that time I was working as a waiter in a small cafe. 9.___the age of sixteen he left his parents' house. 10.___her wedding day she got up.___dawn. 11. You must come and have tea with us___next Thursday. Are you free___Thursday?

12.1 received a lot of presents ___ my birthday. 13. Leonardo da Vinci lived and worked __ the Middle Ages. 14.___every day he got up early___the morning and went to bed late___night. 15.___ the 19^th century many people died of cholera and smallpox.

Exercise 280.

Use in, on, at, by, until if necessary.

1. Students usually have their exams___the end of each term. 2. The book was rather simple. I read it___ a day. 3. He switched on the radio and TV___the same time. 4. It was difficult to persuade her but___the end she agreed to our proposal. 5. He is very punctual, his lectures always begin___time. 6. She nearly forgot about their meeting, but fortunately she remembered it___ time. 7- They will be working ___ 7 o'clock today. 8. Hurry up! I'm afraid,___the time we get to the station, the train will have already left. 9. Have you finished translating the book? — Not yet. I hope to finish it___ the end of the month. 10.___what time did he come? — He came late___the evening,___midnight, if I am not mistaken. 11. Boogie-woogie became popular in the United States.___the 1950s. 12. They came back___sunset, tired and hungry. 13. They went to the canteen ___ lunchtime. 14.___the past he used to be a skilled surgeon. 15.1 am sure, he will be well again___several days.

Exercise 281.

Fill in with for, since during, while,

1. I've known her___last October. 2.1 have been learning English___five years. 3. The film was boring and he went to sleep___the film. 4. He got acquainted with a very beautiful girl ___the holiday. 5. He got acquainted with a very beautiful girl ___he was on holiday. 6. She worked in a cafe___her holiday. She worked there___two months. 7. He has been playing the violin___eight years. 8.1 often read newspapers __. a meal. 9. It happened ___ they were asleep. 10. You'll have to be quiet___the performance. 11. Were there any telephone calls___I was out? 12. Where have you been? I have been waiting for you___ two hours,___ 12 o'clock! I've drunk three cups of coffee___that time. If I had had a book, I would have read it___I was waiting for you. 13. There are lots of people in the streets___the carnival. 14. She has been living in the country___the beginning of the summer. 15. He hurt his ankle___he ' Was playing basketball yesterday.

Exercise 282.

Fill in the blanks with prepositions of place at, in, on.

1 „ Excuse me, can you tell me where the concert hall is? — Turn___ the right___ the roundabout. It's___ the corner of the square. 2. We spent our holiday___ the south coast of France. 3. He lives _.___. the tenth floor ___„ the centre of the city. 4. There was a black spot___ the back of the letter. 5. There were no vacant chairs to sit.___, so he sat____ the armchair,.__the corner. 6. Do you know that Englishmen drive _____ the left? 7. Look,

how many stars there are___the sky! 8. I'm going to the concert___the Central Concert Hall tomorrow. 9. The delegation was met___ the airport. 10.1 don't want to sit___the back row, let's sit___the front. 11. At first it seemed that there wasn't his name___the list, but then he found it___ the bottom of the page. 12. __ my way home I saw fjelen. She was standing____ the bus

stop. 13. She did not want anybody to see her, so she sat ___the back of the car. 14. We were____.the restaurant yesterday. There were a lot of delicious things___ the menu. 15. Where did you meet? — We met__„the party ___ the Greens'.

Exercise 283.

Choose the right variant.

1. There are too many people (on/in/by) the bus. I want to go (on/in/by) a taxi. 2. Did you go there (on/in/ by) foot or (on/in/by) car? — I went (on/in/by) Peter's bicycle. 3. It is too hot to be (on/in/by) the sun at noon. We have been sitting (on/in/by) the beach for three hours. Let's sit (on/in/by) the shade. 4. We travelled (on/in/by) 9.45 plane. There was a good lunch (on/in/by) the plane. 5. She didn't want to go (on/in/by) underground, so they came (on/in/by) a taxi. 6. Have you ever ridden (on/in/ by) the elephant? 7. Don't stay (on/in/by) the rain! Come in! 8. The children were afraid to sit (on/in/by) the dark. They came into the dining room and sat (on/in/by) their mother. 9. The rule is written (on/in/by) page twelve. 10. Where shall we hang the picture? — (On/In/By) the window. 11.1 was too tired to talk to somebody (on/in/ by) the train. 12. It was an awful trip. My friend lent me his car, but after we'd been (on/in/by) the car for a few hours, it broke down. We started to go back (on/in/by) foot, but a van-driver stopped and took us (on/in/by) his van. We came back home at dawn.

Exercise 284.

Fill in the blanks with in, into, to, at, on, out of, from, off where necessary.

1. He took the wallet___of his pocket, opened it and put the cheque___it. 2. He took his suitcase___ the rack and got.___the train. 3. She got___the car and went___the club. 4. The president arrived___the airport___ ten minutes' time before the flight. He quickly got___the plane and some minutes later the plane took____. 5. Get___the bus. It will take you___

„the Green Park. 6.1 haven't heard___him for ages. He went___Canada two years ago, but I don't know if he is,___Canada now or somewhere else.7. When he came ___home, he took___his coat, hang it___the hook and sat ___the armchair. 8. A lot of tourists ___ different counties arrive___Moscow every year. 9. He's never been___any foreign country. 10. Go___the

mirror and have a look___yourself. 11. Welcome___ Egypt! A flight___this wonderful country will take ybu about four hours. 12. A sparrow flew___the room through a window. 13. What time does this train get ___Scotland? — It arrives___Glasgow at 10.25 p.m. 14. When you leave the building, turn___the left___ the High Street. 15. Take the hat___the boy. Don't you see what he is doing with it?

Exercise 285.

Fill in the blanks with:

A down, up, under, below, over, above

1. Why are you so late? — Our car stuck___the bridge. 2. You are cold. Put this plaid___your knees. 3. It seems to me that she is___twenty-one. 4. There is nothing new___the sun. 5. The branch hit me just___ the elbow. 6. Climb___at once! You may fall! 7. My house is___the street, on the hill, and my brother lives ___the street, by the river. 8. We are on the second floor

in the dining room now.___it there used to be a bedroom of the countess and___it you can see the famous orangery which has been carefully kept for two centuries already.

В before, in front of, behind, at the back, opposite

1. She likes to stand___the mirror looking at herself. 2.1 like this cottage very much. There is a lawn___the house and___there is a garden. 3. You should return ___sunset. 4. You've come the last. You are___me in the queue. 5. At lunch she was sitting ___me, so I couldn't help looking at her. 6. If you don't want to go here, you may use another exit___. 7.1 want to take your photograph___our new jeep. 8. You'll find the church easily. There is a cinema___it on the other side of the road.

С along, through, across, past

1. Our cottage is rather far. You should drive___the church,___a small wood, then___the river (there is a wooden bridge) and finally___the wide road. Our house is by this road. 2. Paul is a good swimmer. He can swim ___the river. 3. She went___me without saying a word.

4. The burglar got into the house___an open window. 5. He ran___the lawn and came up to the French window. 6. They went___the bank of the river talking loudly. 7. Oil flows___a pipeline. 8. When she was going ___ the jewellery shop, her attention was attracted by a necklace in the shop window.

D among, between

1. Differences in pronunciation___British English and American English are numerous. 2. For her there is not much choice___Paul and Nick. 3. She could see him ___people in the crowd. 4. You may divide this money ___you both. 5. There is an oak tree___birches and pines near my house. 6. Tom is the smartest___the other students. 7. There has always been a tough

competition ___ Coca-Cola and Pepsi. 8. Harvard University comes first___the other universities of the USA. 9.___you and me.sheis a wicked old gossip.

E like, as

1. Is he a millionaire? He spends money___a sheikh. 2. People___the Pitts always fail us. 3.___an economist, I can't agree to it. 4. He broke my knife, he used it___a tin opener. 5. She is more___her father than her mother. 6.1 had waited so long for it, it was___a dream. 7.1

ttsed to work___a cabin boy. 8. What has happened to John? He is playing___a beginner. 9.___the weather is bad (it looks___rain), let's stay at home. 10.___a newcomer, he couldn't take part in the debate.

Exercise 286.

Choose the right variant.

1. He is a wicked boy. I'm sure he did it (by/on) purpose. 2. She shouted (at/to) me that I was wanted (on/to) the phone. 3. Take a pen. You can't sign contracts (by/in) pencil. 4. The voyage was tiring. The sea was rough and we had to be (in/at) sea more than a fortnight. 5. He lives (at/on) a farm somewhere in Texas. 6. Put your signature (on/at) the bottom of the page. Don't write (at/in) the middle, put it (at/on) the right. 7. She made this sweater herself (at/by) hand. 8. He threw an egg (to/at) the speaker. It hit him (on/to) the shoulder. 9. The car that was going (with/at) the speed of 70 miles per hour braked (on/at) the traffic lights. 10. The participants of Greenpeace rally were standing (by/in) a line (in front of/before) the house of the mayor. 11. He was (on/at) work (before/until) 3 o'clock yesterday. 12. He was sent (in/to) prison for shoplifting (at/by) the age of seventeen. 13. (In/On) the whole, I liked our journey. But next year I'd like to go (to/on) a cruise. 14. She is not (by/on) the phone in the country. — Why won't she buy a mobile telephone? It is so convenient. — Her salary's decreased (on/by) two hundred dollars this year and she can't afford it. 15. (From/In) my opinion, she must go (to/on) a diet.

Exercise 287.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pre-positions where necessary.

1.1 got lost___Mike's house! I went___my bedroom, went___some stairs, walked___a corridor, came___the lounge, walked___an arch, went___some stairs and ___the end I found myself___my bedroom again. 2. Do you know that Alice is___love___Pete? 3. While you

dress___dinner, I'll go___the shop___the road. I'll be _______time. 4. The news___the accident came___a great shock___him. 5. Let's look at my school photo. Can you recognise me___it? — I think you are___left corner. — No, you are mistaken. I am___the back___ the last row. 6.___the Middle Ages London was rather a big city. In the 16^th century (___ the time of

Shakespeare) it became a prosperous capital. 7. Sit___ the armchair and write your name___block letters___ the top of the page. Write all dates___words, not___ figures. 8. Sicily is an island___the coast___Italy. 9.1 am afraid, I won't be able to find the theatre. — Oh, our

town is rather small and you'll find it easily. Go___bus till Victoria Station. Turn right___the square.___the theatre there are two palms, and___the theatre there is a swimming pool.___the theatre there is a coffee bar. 10. The typist sits___the chair, with a lamp___her. 11. You didn't do it___mistake! You did it___purpose! 12. After the accident I had to go___hospital___a while. I was___hospital___four days, and then spent another week___bed___home. 13.___the end of the

day, most of my colleagues go straight___home, but I prefer to stroll___the streets___the centre. 14.1 quite agree___you that going___air is the quickest and safest means of transport, but I am always airsick___ the plane. 15. Do you remember the robber? — Well, he was a man ______thirty-five,___thin hair,___dark jeans. He looked___an Italian, and used his magazine

___a sort of mask.

Exercise 288.

Translate into English.

1. Он вынул часы из кармана и положил их на стол. 2. Этот поезд останавливается на каждой станции. 3. Во время каникул я побывал в Риме. 4. Он перепрыгнул через забор (fence), прошел через лужайку (lawn) и от­крыл дверь своим ключом. 5. Так как большинство домов в Лондоне в XVII веке было построено из дерева, они все сгорели во время пожара, который длился три дня. 6. Вор (thief) проник в дом через окно, вынул драгоценности (jewelry) из сейфа, сорвал картину со стены, а затем вышел через дверь. 7.Я люблю путе­шествовать на велосипеде. В прошлом году я объехал всю Грецию на моем старом велосипеде. 8. Я случай­но вскрыла ваше письмо. 9. Ирландское море нахо­дится между Ирландией и Великобританией. 10. Он приедет домой на рождественские праздники. В Рождество все дети приезжают к родителям.

Noun / Verb / Adjective + Preposition

Exercise 289.

Fill in the prepositions.

1, Have you found the solution___the problem? 2. The demand___the Japanese goods is increasing. 3. The cause ___the accident has not been found yet. 4. There is an advantage___going by plane. 5. The reason___my being late is my watch. It has stopped. 6. His reaction ___this problem was very strange. 7. The damage___ the house made___the fire was terrible. 8. He was struck ___the rise___prices. 9. The disadvantage___your offer is routine work. 10. The increase___unemployment is a characteristic feature of a crisis. 11. She was

astonished___the decrease___pay. 12. We have not received the reply___your letter yet. 13. In connection ___this question we would like to meet you on Thursday. 14. He is in great need___money. 15. They sent me a cheque___150 pounds. 16. We have reliable contacts

___this company. 17. The contact___them surprises everybody. 18. Could you show me the photograph___ this place? 19. The key___the problem is unknown. 20. Have you received the invitation___the party?

Exercise 290.

Fill in the prepositions.

1.1 am afraid ___ losing documents. 2. Are you interested___working for us? 3. The children are looking _______having a holiday. 4. What are the advantages ___going there? 5. They are excited___going on holiday. 6. He went to work___spite___feeling bad. 7.1 bought an evening dress instead___new shoes. 8.1 am fed___ ___this film. 9. He is not good___math. 10. Того left

___finishing dinner. 11. He has succeeded___finding a new job. 12. He apologized___, me ___keeping so long. 13. He's always dreamed___going to the USA. 14.1 insist___buying this model of TV. 15. She does not approve___smoking. 16. Only you may prevent him

___doing that.17. We congratulated him___passing the exams. 18.1 don't feel___going anywhere. 19. He is thinking___buying a new car. 20. They accused him.___robbing the bank. 21. frlease forgive me___doing this! 22. He suspects him ___being a liar. 23. They decided___going to -Brighton because it was raining. 24.1 disapprove___going there. 25.1 prefer cycling ___driving.

Exercise 291.

Fill in the prepositions.

1. His reaction___my remark___his putting a lot of weight was so painful. I think he should go___a diet. 2. Will you pay___cheque or___cash? — I'll give you "a cheque___50 pounds. 3. Look! The house is___fire. 3 We should call the fire brigade. 4. The factory is closed

today. The workers are___strike because their demand ___increase___ pay has not been met. 5. The great advantage___being___a cruise is that you usually 'have good contacts____ many people. 6. His attitude___ her has changed greatly. I think he has fallen___love ___her. 7.___my opinion, he has written the test___ chance. Instead ___preparing ___it he went ___a tour. 8. She lives___a new district and she is not___ the phone. 9. What is the reason___your doubt? 10. The

cause___her committing a suicide is not known. 11. He was greatly impressed ___the exhibition which was famous___its beautiful sculptures. 12. His behaviour is similar___hers. They are not interested___anything. 13, I'm short___time, I'm afraid. 14.1 hate going___ the centre. It ^;s always crowded ___people. 15. The president is responsible.___the policy of the government.

16. They are fond___classical music but they are also interested ___pop music. 17. He was incapable ___ passing the exam but don't feel sorry___him. If he had been keen___passing it, he would have studied much. 18. I'm sick and tired___this loud music. Will you turn it___, please? 19. His dictation is full___mistakes. He is not keen ___learning German. 20. They are sorry

___their behaviour. They drank too much yesterday.

Exercise 292.

Translate the following sentences into English using prepositions and adverbial particles.

1. Я только что получил приглашение на их свадь­бу (wedding). 2. Причина несчастного случая выясня­ется (investigate). 3. Это не решение проблемы. 4. Я не могу придумать ответ на его письмо. 5. На эти това­ры небольшой спрос. 6. Существует много недостат­ков и преимуществ, если у тебя есть машина. 7. Недо­статком его пребывания в США было то, что он не знал английского языка. 8. Несмотря на наши разногласия (difficulties), его отношение ко мне не изменилось. 9. Я не вижу связи между этими двумя событиями (event). 10. Все рассмеялись, услышав причину его опоздания. 11. За последние несколько лет произошел резкий рост цен. 12. Ущерб, нанесенный городу наводнением (flood), был значительным. 13. Снижение уровня жизни (living standards) является характерной чертой (feature) лю­бого кризиса. 14. Этот бизнесмен дал чек на благотво­рительные цели (charity). 15. Две компании совершенно независимы, между ними нет никакой связи.

Unit 21

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