Полезное:
Как сделать разговор полезным и приятным
Как сделать объемную звезду своими руками
Как сделать то, что делать не хочется?
Как сделать погремушку
Как сделать так чтобы женщины сами знакомились с вами
Как сделать идею коммерческой
Как сделать хорошую растяжку ног?
Как сделать наш разум здоровым?
Как сделать, чтобы люди обманывали меньше
Вопрос 4. Как сделать так, чтобы вас уважали и ценили?
Как сделать лучше себе и другим людям
Как сделать свидание интересным?
Категории:
АрхитектураАстрономияБиологияГеографияГеологияИнформатикаИскусствоИсторияКулинарияКультураМаркетингМатематикаМедицинаМенеджментОхрана трудаПравоПроизводствоПсихологияРелигияСоциологияСпортТехникаФизикаФилософияХимияЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника
Doctrine of Judicial Precedent
|
|
Judicial precedent is based on the Latin maxim stare decisis (the legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent) which roughly means‘stand by what has already been decided’. This means that judgements reached in earlier cases should be followed in later cases unless there are sound reasons why they should not be. In other words, judges can create binding precedents by the judgements they make because other courts are bound to follow these judgements. This system provides fairness and certainty in the law because defendants can expect to be treated fairly no matter where the case is heard, and the courts will be reasonably certain how the law should be applied in particular cases. Precedent can only operate effectively if the legal reasons for past decisions are made clear. Therefore, at the end of a case, the judge will make a speech giving his decision and, most importantly, giving his reasons for his decision. This is called the ratio decidendi (reason for deciding), and it is the part of the judgement in which the judge explains the principles of law upon which his decision is based. This is what creates a precedent for judges to follow in future, similar cases. Judgements made by a higher court are binding on all courts beneath them.[6]
Learn the new words
| English | Kazakh | Russian |
| stare decisis | «өзінікінде тұру», прецеденттің міндеттеуші күші | “стоять на решенном”,обязывающая сила прецедента |
| judicial precedent | соттық прецедент | судебный прецедент |
| binding precedents | міндетті прецедент | обязательный прецедент |
| to be treated fairly | әділ қарау | обращаться справедливо |
| to apply | (жазбаша) өтініш беру | обращаться с просьбой, (письменным) заявлением |
Task 5. Match each word/ phrase on the left with the correct definition on the right
| English | Definition |
| stare decisis (n) | a.people who are required to defend themselves in a legal action; an example is an accused person who is put on trial for a crime |
| judgement (n) | b. (of an agreement or promise) involving an obligation that cannot be broken |
| precedent (n) | c. the ability to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions |
| ratio decidendi | d. a previous case or legal decision that may be or (binding precedent) must be followed in subsequent similar cases |
| binding (adj) | e. justice |
| defendant | f. the rule of law on which a judicial decision is based |
| fairness | g. the legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent |
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
Hours
(А -2 hours) Warming-up
1. What forms of government do you know?
2. What form of the government does Kazakhstan have?
3. What does the term “presidential form of government” mean?
How can the following words be bound to a political system of the country?
| a country a state an exercise to write a member to form a house a head to choose to consist independent a government a body an opposition a cabinet a branch Parliament |
Task 1. Read the text and answer the questions:
1. What is the main job of the Parliament?
2. How is the executive power formed?
3. What is the judicial branch of the government? How are the judges appointed?
The Republic of Kazakhstan is a unitary state with a presidential form of government. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the head of state. He ensures the functioning of all branches of state power. The president must be at least 40 years old, be a citizen of the Republic and must have lived in Kazakhstan at least 15 years. In addition, he must have a perfect command of the state language.
The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Parliament. The job of the Parliament is to make laws. The Parliament consists of two Chambers: the Senate and the Majilis. The Senate composes of deputies, seven of which are appointed by the President for the term of the Senate. The Majilis consists of one hundred and seven deputies. Nine deputies of the Mazhilis are elected by the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan. Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the highest representative body of the Republic.
The executive power is Government. The Government is formed by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan and exercised by a Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The President appoints the Prime Minister, but the Senate must approve him.
The judicialbranch is the systems of courts in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The courts of the Republic is the Supreme Court of the Republic, local and other courts of the Republic established by law. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body. The Chairpersons and judges of local and other courts are appointed by the President of the Republic at the recommendation of the Highest Judicial Court.
Learn the new words
| English | Kazakh | Russian |
| state (n) | мемлекет | государство |
| government (n) | үкімет, билік түрі | правительство, форма правления |
| ensure (v) | қамтамасыз ету | обеспечивать |
| branch (n) legislative branch executive branch judicial branch | билік, тармақ заңнамалық билік атқарушы билік сот билігі | власть, ветвь законодательная власть исполнительная власть судебная власть |
| power (n) | билік | власть |
| exercise (v) | жүзеге асыру | осуществлять |
| make laws | заң құрастыру | создавать законы |
| consist (v) of | құралу | состоять |
| chamber (n) | палата | палата |
| deputy (n) | депутат | депутат |
| appoint (v) | тағайындау | назначать |
| elect (v) election (n) | сайлау | избирать выборы |
| court (n) Supreme Court (n) | сот Жоғарғы сот | суд Верховный Суд |
| body (n) | орган | орган |
| сhairperson (n) | төраға | председатель |
Task 2. Look through the text and find law terms which mean the following:
1. _______________ - to give (someone) a position or duty
2. _______________ - a group of people who keep law and order and make laws
3. _______________ - the highest court of the state
4. _______________ - a person who presides over a Court
5. _______________ - to put into action, practice or use
6. _______________ - a public vote upon a proposition submitted
7. _______________ - legal ability, capacity, or authority
Date: 2016-05-16; view: 1406; Нарушение авторских прав