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Екзаменаційний білет № 12
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1. Parts of speech. Different approaches to the system of parts of speech in Modern English.
2. Predication. Primary and secondary predication. Predicative word combinations.
3. Do the task from the card.
A part of speech is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) which have similar grammatical properties. Words that are assigned to the same part of speech generally display similar behavior in terms of syntax—they play similar roles within the grammatical structure of sentences—and sometimes in terms ofmorphology, in that they undergo inflection for similar properties. Commonly listed English parts of speech are noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, interjection, and sometimes numeral, article or determiner.
A part of speech – particularly in more modern classifications, which often make more precise distinctions than the traditional scheme does – may also be called a word class, lexical class, or lexical category, although the term lexical category refers in some contexts to a particular type of syntactic category, and may thus exclude parts of speech that are considered to be functional, such as pronouns. The term form class is also used, although this has various conflicting definitions.[1]Word classes may be classified as open or closed: open classes (like nouns, verbs and adjectives) acquire new members constantly, while closed classes (such as pronouns and conjunctions) acquire new members infrequently, if at all.
Predication is the relationship between a subject (with its modifiers) and a verb (with its complements and modifiers). That is, predication is the tie between what is often called the "complete subject" of a clause and the "complete predicate" of a clause. If we divide a simple sentence into its ICs, normally those ICs are connected by the tie of predication.
Normally, a simple sentence has a single predication. A compound sentence has two or more predications connected by the tie of coordination. A complex sentence has two or more predications connected by some tie other than coordination.
Date: 2016-05-14; view: 403; Нарушение авторских прав