The Infinitive

NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

Exercise 1 p. 141. State the form of the given infinitives.

to be mentioned, to have known, to have been dealt, to be shouting, to have been wanting, to smile, to be dancing, to have been told, to have been travelling, to be asked, to shut, to have said

Exercise 2 p. 142. Supply forms according to the task.

a) Give the perfect form of the following infinitives (active voice):

to say, to grow, to get, to have, to prefer, to continue, to sing, to see, to be, to cry, to sleep, to stop

b) Give the continuous form of the following infinitives (perfect and non-perfect, active voice):

to go, to run, to arrive, to study, to cut, to live, to come, to copy, to dye, to tie, to swim, to listen

c) Give the passive form of the following infinitives (perfect and non-perfect):

to write, to give, to prove, to buy, to look for, to bring, to attack, to forget, to take care of, to play, to beat, to ring

d) Give all the possible forms of the following infinitives:

to work, to lie, to carry, to choose, to stand, to show, to lay, to laugh, to smoke, to like, to break, to strike

e) Supply all the missing forms of the following infinitives:

to be done, to have been talking, to have made, tobe held, to have been tried, to be leaving, to be spoken of, to have risen, to have been spending, to be selling, to be raised, to ski

Exercise 3 p. 142. Build the form of the infinitive according to the description (take any verb that can have the form).

1. The passive non-perfect form.

2. The active perfect continuous form.

3. The active non-perfect continuous form.

4. The passive perfect form.

5. The active non-perfect continuous form.

6. The active perfect non-continuous form.

Exercise 4 p. 142. a) Use the infinitive in the non-perfect form of the active or passive voice.

1. I hate (to bother) you, but the man is still waiting (to give) a definite answer. 2. He hated (to bother) with trifling matters when he had many more important questions (to decide). 3. She would never miss a chance (to show) her efficiency, she was so anxious (to like) and (to praise). 4. The idea was too complicated (to express) in just one paragraph. It seemed it would take not less than a page (to put) it into words. 5. Is there anything else (to tell) him? I believe he deserves (to know) how the matter stands and (to tell) all about it. 6. The book is likely (to publish) and (to appear) on sale pretty soon. It is sure (to sell) well and (to sell) out in no time. 7. What he took to writing for was not (to earn) a living but a name. All he wanted was (to read) and not (to forget).

b) Use the infinitive in the required form of the active voice.

1. How fortunate he is (to travel) all over the world and (to see) so much of it. 2. The man appears (to know) practically all European languages; he is said (to learn) them while travelling. 3. The river was reported (to overflow) the banks and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city. 4. The girl pretended (to read) a book and not (to notice) me. 5. You seem (to look) for trouble. 6. It seems (to rain) ever since we came here. 7. It is so thought­ful of you (to book) the tickets well in advance. 8. The committee is sard (to revise) the programme and (to work out) a plan of its realization.

с) Usе the appropriate form of the infinitive.

1. The man seemed (to study) me and I felt uneasy in his presence. 2. Perhaps it would bother him (to speak) about the quarrel. 3. He is supposed (to work) at the translation of the book for two years. 4. The only sound (to hear) was the ticking of the grandfather's clock downstairs. 5. The book was believed (to lose) until the librarian happened (to find), it during the inventory. It turned out (to misplace). 6. The strength of the metal proved (to overestimate) by the designer. The engineer claimed (to warn) against its use for the purpose all along as he had been always sure it was likely (to deform) under great load. 7. We seem (to fly) over the sea for quite a time and there is yet no land (to see). 8. Not (to answer) would have been a wrong step. 9. We don't seem (to acquaint), at least I can't remember ever (to meet) him. 10. The third key remained (to test).

Exercise 5 p. 143. Translate into English.

1. Я рад, что дал вам эту книгу. 2. Я рад, что мне дали эту книгу. 3. Мы хотим проинформировать вас об этом, 4. Мы хотим, чтобы нас проинформировали об этом. 5. Мы рады, что встретили его на станции. 6. Мы рады, что нас встретили на станции. Они очень довольны, что их пригласили на конференцию. Они очень довольны, что пригласили вас на конференцию. 7. Я не думал прерывать ее. 10. Я не предполагал, что меня прервут. 11. Мне неловко, что я причинил вам столько беспокойства. 12. Он будет счастлив повидаться с вами. 13. Он был счастлив, что повидался с вами. 14. Он, казалось, подыскивал слова, чтобы точнее выразить все, что он хотел сказать. 15. Как ему повезло, что он побывал в такой интересной поездке. 16. Он терпеть не может, когда над ним шутят. Впечатление такое, что он не понимает шуток. 17. Мне пришлось принять его приглашение, так как я знал, что отказаться было бы равносильно обиде или даже оскорблению. 18. Дети любят, когда им рассказывают сказки. 19. Мы притворились, что не заметили его ошибки, чтобы не смущать его. 20. Я вспомнил, что встречал уже этого человека. Мы как-то были вместе в туристском лагере. 21. Вы, кажется, уже давно здесь сидите. Вы ждете кого-нибудь?

Exercise 6 p. 143. Use either ofthe infinitives in brackets, give two variants where possible and explain the difference.

1. We intended (to return, to have returned) by the end of the month. 2. They intend (to revise, to have revised) the draft. 3. a) The sportsmen are expected (to arrive, to have arrived) some days before the competition, b) The sportsmen were expected (to arrive, to have arrived) some days before the competition. 4. a) They were (to come, to have come) by the time, b) Did we not agree that they were (to come, to have come) by the time? 5. I meant (to help, to have helped) him, no offence was meant. 6. I meant (to remind, to have reminded) you of it earlier. 7. You ought (to remember, to have remembered) the date. 8. Hе should (spare, have spared) her feelings. 9. According to the schedule the plane was (to land, to have landed) long ago. 10. It was (to be, to have been) a non-stop flight, but the plane had to make a forced landing.

Exercise 7 p. 144. Insert the particle to where necessary.

1. The brave boy helped the partisans... find the way to the railway line in the dead of night. 2. He would sooner... die than... betray his friends. 3. Suvorov was never known... retreat. 4, Why not... start out now? We cannot wait for the weather... change. 5. Have you ever heard him... complain of difficulties? 6. He was never heard... complain of difficulties.7. You'll be lonely tomorrow. You'd better … come and.... dine with us. 8. Don't let us... waste time. There are a hundred things... be done. 9. I have never known him...do such things. 10. I know him... have been an actor once. 11. We had better... make haste. 12. You ought not... sit up so late. 13. What made you... think so? 14. "Thanks," Andrew answered, "I'd rather... see the cases for myself." 15. He was made... do his work independently. 16. She seems... know a great deal about music. 17. I thought I would rather... get to the gallery alone, but I was obliged... accept his company. 18.... have gone through what you have gone through is the lot of very few. 19. I'll have him... tell the truth. 20. Get them... come as early as possible. 21. All I have now time... do is... send them a telegram. 22. There is hardly anything... do but... work out an alternative plan.

Exercise 9 p. 144. Complete the following:

a) Use the infinitive as subject without the anticipatory it (take the infinitive phrases from the following list):

to forget the past, to be humming a tune, to say such a thing to a child, to have gone out on that rainy day, to know the map well

1... means to be able to show any country or town on it. 2.... would have been the death of me. 3.... is a usual thing for her. 4. … would be ridiculous. 5.... was impossible.

b) Use the infinitive as predicative.

1. Our plan was.... 2. To act like this meant.... 3. The first thing he did was.... 4. The main problem is.... 5. Our next step must be....6. What I want is....7. Our only chance to see him is.... 8. To ask him a straight question means....

c) Use the infinitive as object.

1. The children were anxious....2. We were not afraid.... 3. I pretended not.... 4. They have not decided whether... or not. 5. The boys agreed never.... 6. Do you care...? 7. I was very careful not.... 8. I wish we had not forgotten....9. They thought.... 10. He proposed.... 11. When did you learn...? 12. I'll try to remember.... 13. The tourists were lucky.... 14. The father promised.... 15. They offer.... 16. He attempted.... 17. We are sorry.... 18. The boy asked....

d) Use the infinitive as attribute (take the infinitives from the following list):

to remember, not to be contradicted, to desire, to speak (to, about), to do, to be done, to follow, to worry about, to be erected, to read, to laugh at, to be answered, to answer

1. This is just the man.... 2. Packing was the first thing....3. Here are some instructions.... 4. The monument... on this square will add beauty to the place. 5. The book leaves much....6. There was nothing....7. These are the letters....8. His was the tone.... 9. Have you got anything...? 10. She will always find something...

e) Use the infinitive as adverbial modifier.

1) of purpose:

1. I read the story the second time (so as)....2. He had to work hard (in order).... 3. We must hurry (so as not).... 4. After classes we stayed at the institute....5. Has he come...? 6.... you should read more out loud. 7. I called on him yesterday....8. We stopped.... 9... we must begin preparing for the exams immediately.

2) of result:

1. I was too astonished....2. The boy is clever enough.... 3. The storm was such as.... 4. He was gentleman enough....5. The wind was so strong as....6. The ship was too far....7. I don't know him well enough.... 8. The slopes of the hill were too steep.... 9. You have only to see it once.... 10. The problem was too complicated.... 11. His illness was not such as.... 12. She was woman enough.... 13. The impression was such as never.... 14. You have only to reach out your hand.... 15. He was so fortunate as....

Exercise 10 p. 146. Translate into English.

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