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Sound, Chemical and Nuclear Energy





The fact that people can hear is a simple (1)………….. of the fact that sound is a form of energy. Sound is actually nothing other than the (2)………… of air. When sound is created, sound waves travel through space, cre­ating compressions in some regions. When these sound waves strike the human eardrum, they cause the drum to (3)…………., creating the sensation of sound in the brain. Similar kinds of sound waves are (4)……………. for the destruction caused by ex­plosions. The sound waves collide with building, trees, people, and other objects, causing damage to them.   Chemical energy is a form of energy that results from the forces of (5)……….. that hold atoms and other particles together in molecules. In water, for example, hydrogen atoms are joined to oxygen atoms by means of strong forces known as chemical bonds. If those are broken, the forces are released in the form of chemical energy. When a substance is burned, chemical energy is released. Burning (combustion or (6)……..) is the process by which chemical bonds in a fuel and in oxygen molecules are broken and new chemical bonds are formed. The total energy in the new chemical bonds is less than it was in the (7)…………… chemical bonds, and the (8)…………… is released in the form of chemical energy.   Nuclear energy is (9)……………. to chemical energy except that the bonds involved are those that hold together the particles of a nucleus, protons and neutrons. The fact that most (10)………… nuclei are stable is (11)……… that some very strong nuclear forces exist. Protons are positively charged and one would expect that they would repel each other, blowing apart a nucleus. Since that does not happen, some kinds of force must exist to hold the nucleus together.   One such force is known as the strong force. If some­thing happens to cause a nucleus to break apart, the (12)…………. force holding two protons together is released in the form of nuclear energy. That is what happens in an atomic (fis­sion) bomb. A uranium nucleus breaks apart into two (13)………… equal pieces, and some of the strong force hold­ing protons together is released as nuclear energy. 1.DEMONSTRATE 2.MOVE 3.VIBRATION 4.RESPONSIBILITY 5.ATTRACT 6.OXIDIZE 7.ORIGIN 8.DIFFER 9.SIMILARITY 10.ATOM 11.PROVE 12.STRENGTH 13.ROUGH

3.4. Read the text below and find antonyms to the following words:


analysis

to multiply

remote

above

higher

unimportant

light

seldom








Date: 2015-05-18; view: 407; Нарушение авторских прав



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