History of Primorye. According to archaelogical data, the first inhabitants of Primorye were the Tungus ancestors

According to archaelogical data, the first inhabitants of Primorye were the Tungus ancestors. They probably appeared in this area 60 thousand years ago. The descendants of the Tungus – speaking tribes are still inhabiting Primorye. These are the Udeges and the Nahaians (нивхи).

In 698 AD the State of P’ohai appeared in the territory and existed as long as 936 AD.

From 1115 to 1234 the southern area of the Russian Far East was occupied by a more powerful state – the Empire of Jurchengs called The Golden Empire. They developed a metallurgical industry, shipbuilding. Having conquered China, the Jurchengs dominated the country for a long time. The Golden Empire began to crumble as a result of Gengis Khan invasion. The Mongolians destroyed all cities, ports and the fleet of the Jurchengs. They killed or turned into slaves most of the country’s population.

For many centuries these rich lands had not been cultivated. At the beginning of the 17^th century, when the Russians first appeared in this land, the forefathers of today’s small ethnic groups of the Far East were a primitive society. They were used to collecting the taiga gifts, fishing and hunting wild animals. It should be noted that the Mongolians, the invaders of the Golden Empire, did not settle in Primorye but left for China and the central Asian steppes.

In the 18^th century no state actually owned the lands of Primorye. According to the Nerchinsky Treaty of 1689 between Russia and China these lands were declared neutral. In the second half of the 19^th century the exploration of this territory by the Russians began.

In 1858 Russia and China concluded the Aigun, and in 1860 – the Beking Treaties. In 1860 Primorye became a part of Russia. In the period from 1859 to 1882 ninety five settlements were established in Primorye, including Vladivostok, Ussuriisk, Razdolnoye, Shkotovo, Pokrovka, Tury Rog, Kamen-Rybolov.

Notes:

698 AD – Anno Domini – лат. нашей эры

1. Suggest the English for:

в соответствии с данными археологии; первые жители Приморья; предки удэге и нивхов, потомки тунгусов; государство Бохай; просуществовало до; империя чжурчженей; Золотая империя; захватив Китай; империя начала разрушаться; превратить в рабство; собирать дары тайги; привыкли к рыболовству; по Нерчинскому договору; нейтральная территория; заключить договор; были основаны.