Примечания. 1. Probably the most useful books about Kahane and the JDL are: The False Prophet: Rabbi Meir Kahane: From FBI Informant to Knesst Member [Chicago: Lawrence

1. Probably the most useful books about Kahane and the JDL are: The False Prophet: Rabbi Meir Kahane: From FBI Informant to Knesst Member [Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, 1990] by American Jewish journalist Robert I. Friedman; and, Heil Kahane [New York: Adama, 1986], by Israeli investigative journalist Yair Kotler

2. Avishai Margalit, "The Violent Life of Yitzhak Shamir," The New York Review of Books, May 14, 1992, pp. 18–24.; Lenni Brenner, Zionism in the Age of the Dictators [1983], pp. 266–269.; L. Brenner, Jews in America Today [Lyle Stuart, 1986], pp. 175–177.; Sol Stern, L. Rapoport, "Israel's Man of the Shadows," Village Voice [New York], July 3, 1984, pp. 13 ff.; Israel Shahak, "Yitzhak Shamir, Then and Now," Middle East Policy, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1992.

3. R. Friedman, The False Prophet [1990], pp. 4, 61–63, 68, 78, 82.

4. Yair Kotler, Heil Kahane, pp. 27–29.; R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 71–75.; J. Kifner, "Meir Kahane," The New York Times, Nov. 6, 1990, p. B 13.

5. R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 85–98.

6. R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 87, 105–108.

7. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane [1986], pp. 46–51.; R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 121–127.

8. Geoffrey Wigoder, Dictionary of Jewish Biography [New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991], p. 250.

9. "JDL is the second most active terrorist group, FBI says," Orange County Register [Santa Ana], Nov. 19, 1985.; Robert I. Friedman, "Nice Jewish Boys with Bombs: The Return of the JDL," Village Voice [New York], May 6, 1986, pp. 21, 22.

10. New York Times, Nov. 6, 1990, pp. A1, B13.

11. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane [1986], pp. 184–185.

12. M. Kahane, "Vengeance," The Jewish Press [Brooklyn, NY], June 13, 1980, pp. 36D, 46.

13. The Jewish Press [Brooklyn], Nov. 9, 1973.

14. Jewish Press [Brooklyn], Oct. 1, 1982. Quoted in: Lenni Brenner, Jews in America Today [1986], p. 297.

15. Quoted in: J. Kifner, "Meir Kahane," New York Times, Nov. 6, 1990, p. B 13.

16. Quoted in: B. Lynfield, "Meir Kahane: The Battle Ahead," Midstream, February 1986, p. 18.

17. Meir Kahane, The Story of the Jewish Defense League [1975], p. 5. Quoted in: G. Cromer, "Negotiating the Meaning of the Holocaust," Holocaust and Genocide Studies [Britain], Vol. 2, No. 2, 1987, p. 290.

18. M. Kahane, Our Challenge: The Chosen Land [1974], p. 137. Quoted in: G. Cromer, "Negotiating the Meaning of the Holocaust," Holocaust and Genocide Studies [Britain], Vol. 2, No. 2, 1987, p. 291.

19. R. Friedman, False Prophet, p. 1.

20. J. Kifner, "Meir Kahane," New York Times, Nov. 6, 1990, p. B 13.

21. The Washington Post, August 27, 1985.

22. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane, p. 195.

23. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane [1986], pp. 153, 198–212.; See also: Gerald Cromer, "Negotiating the Meaning of the Holocaust," Holocaust and Genocide Studies [Britain], Vol. 2, No. 2, 1987, pp. 292–294.

24. See: Lenni Brenner, Jews in America Today [1986], p. 298.

25. See, for example: Genesis 28:1, 6; Deuteronomy 7:1–3; Leviticus 20: 2, 26; Ezra 9:1–2, 12; Nehemiah 13: 23–30.

26. L. Brenner, Jews in America Today [Secaucus, N.J.: Lyle Stuart, 1986], p. 301.

27. R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 115–116, 222–224.; R. Friedman, "Inside the Jewish Terrorist Underground: In the Realm of Perfect Faith," Village Voice, Nov. 12, 1985, p. 19. ["Among the wealthy Jews who have supported the JDL, is Reuben Mattus, the founder and president of Häagen‑Dazs ice cream."]

28. Evening Star [Washington, DC], March 1, 1971.

29. R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 222, 269–271.

30. R. Friedman, "Nice Jewish Boys with Bombs: The Return of the JDL," Village Voice [New York], May 6, 1986, p. 26.

31. R. Friedman, The False Prophet, p. 147.

32. R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 125, 185.

33. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane, p. 33.; R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 64, 76, 77, 85, 86.

34. See, for example, Kahane's essay, "The 'Guilt' of Jews Threatens Israel," in the New York Times of April 7, 1989.; Kahane's essay "Is Israel's Soul Imperiled? Yes, by Liberal Jews," appeared in the The New York Times of Dec. 20, 1985. Quoted in: L. Brenner, Jews in America Today, pp. 297, 320, n. 25.; Kahane's essay, "Enough Lamentation," apparently appeared in the New York Times of November 2, 1972. Source: The Jewish Defense League: A Cult of Racism and Terror, and a Threat to Arab‑Americans, ADC Issues [report] No. 9, published by the American‑Arab Anti‑Discrimination Committee, Washington, DC [1982?].

35. Y. Kotler, Heil Kahane, pp. 10–11.

36. R. Friedman, The False Prophet, pp. 142–145.; The Jewish Defense League: A Cult of Racism and Terror, and a Threat to Arab‑Americans, ADC Issues [report] No. 9, published by the American‑Arab Anti‑Discrimination Committee, Washington, DC [1982?].

37. Los Angeles Times, May 9, 1972, p. 5.

38. Alfred M. Lilienthal, The Zionist Connection [1979], p. 395.

39. R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 178–180.

40. The Jewish Defense League: A Cult of Racism and Terror, and a Threat to Arab‑Americans, ADC Issues [report] No. 9, published by the American‑Arab Anti‑Discrimination Committee, Washington, DC [1982?].

41. Vancouver Sun, July 3, 1978.

42. Washington Post, April 12, 1982.; Village Voice, Oct. 2, 1984.

43. H. W. French, "3 J.D.L. Members Seized in Bombings," New York Times, May 9, 1987.; L. Buder, "Prison for Ex‑J.D.L. Chief in Bombing," New York Times, Oct. 27, 1987, p. B3.

44. D. Palermo, "FBI Links JDL to Bomb Death of Arab Leader," Los Angeles Times, Nov. 9, 1985.; A. Dawson, "Terrorism experts puzzled by FBI's finding," Orange County Register [Santa Ana], Nov. 13, 1985, pp. B1, B6.; See also: Robert I. Friedman, "Nice Jewish Boys with Bombs: The Return of the JDL," Village Voice [New York], May 6, 1986, p. 24.

45. K. Reich, "Holocaust Survivor Arrested After Alleged Threats," Los Angeles Times, Jan. 30, 1991.

46. D. Palermo, "FBI Links JDL to Bomb Death of Arab Leader," Los Angeles Times, Nov. 9, 1985.

47. D. Palermo, "FBI Links JDL to Bomb Death of Arab Leader," Los Angeles Times, Nov. 9, 1985.

48. D. Palermo, "FBI Report Links 'Elements' of JDL…," Los Angeles Times, July 3, 1986.; See also: L. Sasaki, "FBI Attributes Fatal Bombing in Santa Ana to 'Extremists'," Los Angeles Times, July 17, 1986.; S. Engelberg, "Official Says F.B.I. Has Suspects in Blasts Laid to Extremist Jews," New York Times, July 17, 1986.

49. R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 239 ff., and 248.; R. Friedman, "Did This Man Kill Alex Odeh?" Village Voice, July 12, 1988, pp. 19–21.

50. K. Reich, "Mail‑Bomb Suspect Sent Back to U.S.," Los Angeles Times, July 19, 1993.

51. G. Dillow, "Mail‑Bombing Suspect a Man of Many Faces," Los Angeles Times, August 5, 1993.; K. Reich, "Mail‑Bomb Suspect Sent Back to U.S.," Los Angeles Times, July 19, 1993.

52. "Mail‑Bombing Suspect…," Los Angeles Times, Aug. 5, 1993.

53. "FBI Memo: Israelis Hampering Probe," The Washington Post, Nov. 19, 1987, p. A 19.; "FBI Memos Accuse Israel…," Los Angeles Times [Orange County ed.], Nov. 19, 1987, p. II/1.;

The Manning case was the subject of two revealing articles in the influential Jewish community weekly Jewish Press [Brooklyn], July 5, 1991. The first, "Israel's Chief Rabbinate: Torah Law Forbids Extradition of Mannings" [p. 2], reported that leading Israeli rabbis had declared that the extradition of Robert Manning and his wife from Israel to the United States would be a violation of Jewish "Torah Law," or Halacha. The article went on: "Rabbi Shaul Yisraeli, a prominent member of the Chief Rabbinate, said that he always had opposed the extradition agreement Israel has with other countries because it is contrary to Torah Law." The second article, "More On the Mannings: What the Feds Are Really After" [p. 56C], related: "The [Jewish] Shulchan Aruch and the Rambam state explicitly that it is absolutely forbidden to send a Jew into the hands of a Gentile. In the words of the Rambam, 'It is forbidden to send a Jew into the hands of the Gentile, be it his money or his body…one who does so has no portion in the World to Come'."

54. K. Reich, "Mail‑Bomb Suspect Sent Back to U.S.," Los Angeles Times, July 19, 1993.; M. Parks & E. Malnic, "Israel Orders Murder Suspect Returned to L.A. for Trial," Los Angeles Times, August 17, 1993.

One condition for Manning's extradition to the US was that he would not be charged or prosecuted for his role in the Odeh killing. In October 1993, a federal jury in Los Angeles found Robert Manning guilty of complicity in the 1980 bomb death of a secretary at a computer company, 32‑year‑old Patricia Wilkerson. See: "Ex‑JDL Activist Guilty of Bomb Death," Los Angeles Times [Orange County edition], Oct. 15, 1993, pp. A1, A12.

55. US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Terrorist Research and Analytical Center, Terrorism Section, Criminal Investigative Division, FBI Analysis of Terrorist Incidents and Terrorist‑Related Activities in the United States [1985], pp. 16–18. Quoted in: Issa Nakhleh, ed., Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem [New York: Intercontinental Books, 1991], Vol. II, pp. 862, 867.

56. "JDL is the second most active terrorist group, FBI says," Orange County Register [Santa Ana], Nov. 19, 1985.

57. "FBI Memo: Israelis Hampering Probe," The Washington Post, Nov. 19, 1987, p. A 19.

58. US Dept. of Energy, Terrorism in the United States and the Potential Threat to Nuclear Facilities [R‑3351‑Doe, January 1986], pp. 11–16. Quoted in: Issa Nakhleh, ed., Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem [New York: Intercontinental Books, 1991], Vol. II, pp. 862–864, 867‑68.

An analyst for the Rand Corporation confirmed in 1984 that the Jewish group pursues "a dual‑track strategy alternating between civil disobedience and generally peaceful protest to vandalism and outright acts of terrorism." [Source: "JDL is the second most active terrorist group, FBI says," Orange County Register [Santa Ana], Nov. 19, 1985.]

59. R. Friedman, False Prophet, pp. 232–233.

60. "JDL wasn't militant enough for Levy," New York Post, August 11, 1989, p. 5.

61. R. Friedman, "Oy Vey, Make My Day," Village Voice, August 22, 1989, p. 15.

62. New York Daily News, August 11, 1989, pp. 1, 4, 5.; New York Post, Aug. 11, 1989, pp. 1, 5.; See also: "Man Charged in Bleecker Street Sniping," New York Times, Aug. 11, 1989, p. B3.; R. Friedman, "Oy Vey, Make My Day," Village Voice, August 22, 1989, pp. 15 ff.

63. "Jewish militant gets 4 1/2 yrs. in shooting," New York Post, April 12, 1990 [?].

64. L. Goodstein, "Holocaust Museum Protester Later Beaten," The Washington Post, April 29, pp. C1, C2.; L. Kellman, "Hate crimes follow opening of museum," The Washington Times, April 24, 1993, p. A 11.; L. Kellman, "Beating outrages Jews: The Washington Times, April 29, pp. B1, B2.; The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, June 1993, pp. 50, 51, 108.; For more on the April 22, 1993, demonstration, see: The Journal of Historical Review, July‑August 1993, pp. 2–3, 17.; The New York Times informed readers that "attempts were made to interrupt the [Holocaust] museum's dedication on April 22." [NY York Times, "Book Review" section, July 11, p. 1.] This is not true. The demonstration, which took place under police supervision some distance from the dedication ceremony site, was entirely peaceable. The only "interruption" connected with the day's events was violence committed against peaceful demonstrators.

65. The Jewish Defense League, ADC Issues [report] No. 9, published by the American‑Arab Anti‑Discrimination Committee, Washington, DC [1982?].

66. "JDL Chairman Rubin Released in Murder Case," Los Angeles Times, March 11, 1992.

67. P. M. Twair, "Freedom of Speech Only a Memory in Gang‑Ridden Los Angeles," The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, October 1992, pp. 55, 85.

68. IHR Newsletter, June 1985, p. 10.

69. Daily News [Los Angeles], Dec. 9, 1982, p. 10.

70. Daily Breeze [Torrance], Sept. 1, 1984.

71. R. Varenchik, "Man who calls Holocaust a lie reports threat; JDL figure held," Los Angeles Daily News, Aug. 21, 1984, pp. 1, 8.

72. A. Jalon, "Bomb Hits Home of Holocaust Doubter," Los Angeles Times, May 16, 1985.

73. US Dept. of Energy, Terrorism in the United States and the Potential Threat to Nuclear Facilities, R‑3351‑Doe, January 1986, pp. 11–16. Quoted in: Issa Nakhleh, ed., Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem [New York: Intercontinental Books, 1991], Vol. II, pp. 862–864, 867‑68.

74. Tulsa Tribune, April 12, 1985, and information from Dr. Weber.

75. IHR Newsletter, June 1981, p. 4.; IHR Newsletter, May 1983, p. 6.; Information from J. Marcellus.

76. Source: US Dept. of Energy, Terrorism in the United States and the Potential Threat to Nuclear Facilities, R‑3351‑Doe, January 1986, pp. 11–16. Quoted in: Issa Nakhleh, ed., Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem [New York: Intercontinental Books, 1991], Vol. II, pp. 862–864, 867‑68.

77. IHR Newsletter, August 1984.; Letter by IHR Director Marcellus to US Senator Jeremiah Denton, July 20, 1984.; Information provided by Marcellus.

78. Daily Breeze [Torrance], March 20, 1981, p. 1.; Information provided by J. Marcellus.

79. "Terror Comes to the IHR," IHR Newsletter, July 1981, p. 2.

80. "Arsonists hit Institute for Historical Review office," Daily Breeze [Torrance], July 5, 1984, p. A3.; IHR 1982 Annual Report [IHR Newsletter], December 1982, p. 2.

81. "Nazi Holocaust Doubters Target of Jewish Group," Los Angeles Times, August 1, 1985, p. B 1.; IHR 1982 Annual Report [IHR Newsletter], December 1982, p. 2.; Information provided by J. Marcellus.

82. "Arsonists hit Institute for Historical Review office," Daily Breeze [Torrance], July 5, 1984, p. A3.

83. "JDL applauds blaze at Torrance institute," Daily Breeze [Torrance], July 7, 1984, pp. Al, A6.; In the wake of the fire‑bombing, the IHR started up again from a makeshift new office in Torrance. In 1985, Rubin announced a JDL campaign to force the IHR out of the city. ["Nazi Holocaust Doubters Target of Jewish Group," Los Angeles Times, Aug. 1, 1985, p. B 1.]

84. A. Cockburn, "Beat the Devil," The Nation, March 20, 1989, p. 366.

85. The statements of Toland and Irving appear in the IHR Newsletter, October 1984, p. 1.

86. IHR Newsletter, April 1989.

87. IHR Newsletter, February 1992, p. 5.; IHR Newsletter, April 1992, p. 1.

88. In 1992, Cole conducted a videotaped interview with the curator of the Auschwitz State Museum. A VHS videotape cassette, "David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciszek Piper," is available from the IHR for $49, plus $2.50 shipping.

89. Philip Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 [New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990], pp. 106–107.; R. Faurisson, The Journal of Historical Review [IHR], Winter 1988‑89, pp. 417 f.

90. Le Monde [Paris], March 19–20, 1978, p. 24, and March 23, 1978, p. 7. See also: "Quinze ans de terrorisme," ["Fifteen years of terrorism"], Le Choc du Mois [France], June 1991, p. 7.; M. Weber, The Journal of Historical Review, Summer 1988, pp. 180, 184.

91. Victor Ostrovksy and Claire Hoy, By Way of Deception [New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990], pp. 291–292.

92. R. Hemeçaix, "Bétar: la mauvaise étoile de David" ["Betar: The evil star of David"], Le Choc du Mois [France], July‑August 1990, pp. 37–38.; See also: "Quinze ans de terrorisme," Le Choc du Mois [France], June 1991, pp. 7‑13.

93. R. Hemeçaix, "Bétar: la mauvaise étoile de David," Le Choc du Mois [France], July‑August 1990, pp. 37–38.

94. Le Monde, March 7, 1986, p. 8.; "Quinze ans de terrorisme" ["Fifteen years of terrorism"], Le Choc du Mois [France], June 1991, pp. 7‑13.; "Ces milices juives qui sèment la terreur" ["Those Jewish militias that sow terror"], Le Choc du Mois, April 1992, pp. 37–39.; R. Hemeçaix, "Bétar: la mauvaise étoile de David," Le Choc du Mois [France], July‑August 1990, pp. 37–38.;

See also: "Une communauté otage de ses extrémiste," Le Choc du Mois [France], June 1991, pp. 14–17.; "Carpentras: L'effet Boomerang," [France], June 1991, pp. 18–20.; F. Chesnay, "Toute censure est un aveu," Le Choc du Mois [France], June 1991, pp. 21–22; D. Barney, C. Champetier & C. Lavirose, La nouvelle Inquisition: Essai sur le terrorisme intellectuel et la police de la pensée [Paris: 1993].

95. A copy of a leaflet issued in Feb. 1992 by the "Tagar Student Zionist Organization at the Ohio State University" [Columbus] is on file at the IHR.

96. "L'agression contre M. Robert Faurisson revendiquée par 'Les fils de la mémoire juive'," Le Monde, Sept. 19, 1989, p. 14.; Sunday Telegraph [London], Sept. 24, 1989.; "Historian severely beaten for disputing Holocaust," Reuters dispatch, Philadelphia Inquirer, Sept. 18, 1989.; IHR Newsletter, October 1989.; M. Weber, Christian News [New Haven, Mo.], Oct. 16, 1989, p. 22.

97. Le Monde, Sept. 19, 1989, p. 14.; Sunday Telegraph [London], Sept. 24, 1989.; Christian News [New Haven, Mo.], Oct. 16, 1989, p. 22.

98. Letters by R. Faurisson to the IHR of June 16, 1992, October 24, 1992, May 28, 1993, and September 14, 1993.

99. Le Monde, Sept. 19, 1989, p. 14.; Sunday Telegraph [London], Sept. 24, 1989.; Christian News [New Haven, Mo.], Oct. 16, 1989, p. 22.

100. Letters by R. Faurisson to the IHR of July 15, 1993, September 14, 1993 and Nov. 27, 1993.;

In Stockholm, Faurisson has been attacked twice. The first attack, on March 17, 1992, was reported widely in the Swedish press. The second attack, on May 22, 1993, also received coverage in Swedish newspapers.; The attack against Faurisson in Paris on May 30, 1993, was reported in: "Faurisson, incident au cours de la Réunion de la Tribune des athées," Libération, [Paris], June 1, 1993.

101. Le Figaro [Paris], January 26, 1984, p. 4.

102. "Attack Against Auto of German 'Revisionist' Historian," IHR Newsletter, July 1988, p. 5.

103. "Un commando sioniste s'invite au meeting néo‑nazi," Libération, April 22, 1991, p. 28.; "Ces milices juives qui sèment la terreur," Le Choc du Mois [France], April 1992, pp. 37–39.

104. H. de Bresson, "L'équipée sauvage du Bétar à Rostock," Le Monde [Paris], Oct. 21, 1992, p. 4.

105. "Extremisten aus Israel: Jagd auf Neonazis in Deutschland?" Berliner Morgenpost, December 11 [or 12?], 1992.; Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Dec. 12, 1992, p. 6.

106. Michael Kneissler, "Tod den Nazis," Playboy [Deutschland], February 1993 [2/93], pp. 47–54.

107. R. Friedman, "Nice Jewish Boys with Bombs: The Return of the JDL," Village Voice [New York], May 6, 1986, p. 21 ("… Members spend more time plotting against each other than against their gentile enemies.")

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