Прочитайте следующий текст и переведите его на русский язык. subdivided into is derived from – происходит от verb – глагол to chop- рубить a piece of a certain weight – определенного веса кусок hence –

The ruble or ruble is the currency of the Russian Federation. The ruble is subdivided into 100 kopeks or copecks.

According to the most popular version, the word "ruble" is derived from the Russian verb руби́ть, meaning to chop. Historically, a "ruble" was a piece of a certain weight chopped off a gold or silver ingot (grivna), hence the name. Another version is that the name comes from the Russian noun рубе́ц, meaning " seam ", as coins were mold ed and a seam was clearly visible on the side.

Currently there is no official symbol for the ruble, though the abbreviation руб. is in wide use. A currency symbol was used for the ruble between the 16th century and the 18th century. The symbol consisted of the Russian letter s "Р" (rotated by 90° counter-clockwise) and "У" (written on top of it). The symbol was placed overthe amount number to which belonged to. This symbol, however, fell into disuse during the 19th century onward.

The amount of precious metal in a ruble varied over time. In a 1704 currency reform, Peter I standardized the ruble to 28 grams of silver. While ruble coins were silver, there were higher denominations minted of gold and platinum. By the end of the 18th century, the ruble was set to 4 zolotnik 21 dolya (almost equal to 18 grams) of pure silver or 27 dolya (almost equal to 1.2 grams) of pure gold, with a ratio of 15:1 for the values of the two metals. In 1828, platinum coins were introduced with 1 ruble equal to 77⅔ dolya (3.451 grams).

On 17 December 1885, a new standard was adopted which did not change the silver ruble but reduced the gold content to 1.161 grams, peg ging the gold ruble to the French franc at a rate of 1 ruble = 4 francs. This rate was revise d in 1897 to 1 ruble = 2⅔ francs (0.774 grams gold).

With the outbreak of the First World War, the gold standard peg was drop ped and the ruble fell in value, suffering from hyperinflation in the early 1920s.

All Russian paper money is currently printed at the state-owned factory Goznak in Moscow, which was organized on 6 June 1919 and has continued to operate ever since. Coins are minted in Moscow and at the Saint Petersburg Mint, which has been operating since 1724.

21.а. Вставьте в предложение пропущенное слово: ingot, paper money, hyperinflation, rate, the gold standard, the Russian unit of currency, the ruble, equal, coins, denominations.

1. In the early 1920s.the economy of our country suffered from _______________.

2. _______________________________is subdivided into 100 kopeks or copecks.

3._______________________________________ changes from time to time.

4. If you have a gold or silver _______________________ you`d better keep it in the bank.

5. Currently Goznak is the state-owned factory that prints all Russian_______________________________________________________.

6. All Russian paper money is currently printed in Moscow but _________ are minted in Moscow and at the Saint Petersburg Mint.

7. The ___________________________of different currencies can be revised.

8.Coins of what _______________________________are minted in Russia?

9. The ruble is _________________________________________________.

10. By the end of the 18th century 27 dolya was almost exactly _________________to 1.2 grams of pure gold.

Date: 2015-09-02; view: 369; Нарушение авторских прав