Условные придаточные предложения

Условные придаточные предложения обычно соединяются с главным предложением союзами if – если, unless – если не.

I тип условного придаточного предложения выражает осуществимое реальное условие. В главном предложении употребляется Future Indefinite, в придаточном – Present Indefinite.

If I have time, I shall go to the cinema. – Если у меня будет время, я пойду в кино.

II тип выражает маловероятное условие. В главном предложении употребляется should (would) и инфинитив смыслового глагола, в придаточном – Past Indefinite.

If I had time, I should go to the cinema. – Если бы у меня было время, я бы пошел в кино.

III тип выражает нереальное условие. В главном предложении употребляется should (would) и перфектный инфинитив, в придаточном – Past Perfect.

If they had known her address they would have written to her. – Если бы они знали ее адрес, они написали бы ей.

Упражнение 1. Определите тип условных придаточных предложений и переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. If he works hard, he will pass the exams well.

2. If they finish their work quickly, they will go home early.

3. If you don't listen to the teacher, you will learn nothing.

4. If I had time, I should help you.

5. He would have taken the bus if he had not been late.

6. We should play football if it were not raining.

7. If he had not been worrying about being late, he would have closed the door properly.

8. If he had not seen the door was open, he would not have got out of the car to close it.

9. If she were a true actress, she would play her part better.

10. If he had not had to work so late, there would have been places in his usual car park.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужную форму:

1. If you (bring) me the book, I should have read it.

2. If he didn't ring me up, I (not to come).

3. If he (not to write) to me, I shouldn't have answered him.

4. If I (be) you, I should have apologized to her.

5. If I see him, I (tell) him everything.

6. If he were in, he (answer) the phone.

7. We (stay) at home, if we had known he was coming.

8. He would have been the best student in the group, if he (work) harder.

9. If you (pass) your examination, we should have a celebration.

10. If I (have) time, I shall help you.