Выдающиеся люди Великобритании

Мой друг

Friendship is one of the fantastic things in the world. Lucky and rich are the people who have true friends. Friends make us feel happier, make our life full of joy, help in hard moments. That`s why we should value friendship. But sometimes friends may fall out because of misunderstanding, irresponsibility, selfishness. So real friends are those who take care of each other, trust each other, help if a friend is in need, treat each other with understanding, sympathy, compassion, support each other, tell harsh truths to each other.

It`s not easy to find a true friend, but it`s more difficult to save friendship. Usually friends have common views and judgments on things, have common interests and ambitions.

As for me I`m a happy person as I have friends. Some of them are very close, some are less. But all of them make my life interesting and enjoyable.

My best friend is ….. We are class (school) – mates. (We have been studying together in one form all the years of our school-life.

... is known for her warm and friendly character. He / she is easy to deal with.

She is usually open-minded and interested in other people. More than that, she is ,supportive and responsible. I can always turn to her whenever I’m in trouble, and she never fails to help. ….. is trustworthy, tactful and great at keeping secrets. For me it is very important that my best friend is an honest girl. I can fully rely on her and trust her everything. We have never let each other down. If there is some misunderstanding between us we try to make peace as soon as possible.

Мой дом, квартира

I like the place where I live.We have a nice flat in a new block of flats. Our flat is on the fourth floor. It has all modern conveniences: central heating, gas, electricity, cold and hot running water, a lift and a chute to carry rubbish down. There are three rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a hall in our flat. The living-room is the largest and most comfortable room in the flat. There is a wall-unit with several sections: a sideboard, a wardrobe and some shelves, dinner-table. Near the TV set there are two cosy armchairs. A small round table, a sofa and a standard lamp are in the left-hand corner. It’s really wonderful to have a room for yourself. My room is not large but very cosy. There isn’t much furniture in it, only the most necessary. It has a writing-table and an armchair before it. In the right-hand corner there is a bookcase full of books, magazines and newspapers.

But the warmest place in our flat is the kitchen, I think — the place where the whole family gathers every evening not only to have supper together, but also to speak and rest. I like the English proverb: “My home is my castle” because my flat is, indeed, my castle

1. О себе и моей семье

First of all let me introduce myself. My name is Natalja. Natasha for short. My fill name is … I am not yet eighteen. I am from Belarus, from Gomel. I was born in Gomel on the 15th of May, 2003.I live with my family which is rather small than large. There are four of us: mother father, my brother and me. My parents are not old at all. Father is forty and mother`s two years younger. My father`s name is… He looks young for his age. He is tall and strong. Father is rather handsome, he has regular features and dark hair. He knows so much about all kinds of things. Dad is awfully clever,but he is as strict, too, sometimes even exacting.He just can`t stand laziness or disorder of any sort. That`s tiring sometimes but we understand each other quite well. Both my parents are engineers but I guess work means less to mum than it does to dad. Mum says she is born housewife. Anything she does she does well-she`s good at cooking, excellent at sewing and knitting. Mum is still very good looking. She is tall and slim like a girl,fair-haired and dark eyed. She`s got a brilliant sense of humor and it certainly adds up to her charm. My brother Misha is a kid yet. Hi is only nine. He is very quiet and serious,not like me. He is fond of books and various table games. I`ve got two grandmothers and a grandfather, but they don’t live with us. We go to see them rather often in summer.

10. Выдающиеся люди Беларуси

Boris Kit is an outstanding Belarusian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and educator. Both Belarus and Belarusians have the right to be proud of Dr.Kit, a celebrated scientist and a great patriot of his Fatherland.

Boris Kit was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1910. His family soon moved to the village of Ogorodniki, which was his father’s home town. During the 1941-44 Nazi occupation he worked as a teacher in the village of Lebedevo and later as a principal at the Postavy Teachers College. Although he never collaborated with the Nazis, the researcher had to flee Belarus, fearing Stalinist terror. He moved to Germany and then settled in the United States.

In the 1950s Boris Kit began his scientific activities in the field of astronautics. He took part in the projects of inter-continental rocket system development as a mathematician and system analyst. He worked also as an adviser and expert in international austounatics. In 1960 he headed the meeting between the USA and the USSR. As a result the program Soyuz-Apollo was launched in 1972.

In the 1990s he headed the Belarusian-American committee for cultural, social and political support of his countrymen.

Despite his age, Boris Kit stands out because of his great energy and active civic position.

Мое хобби

Leisure or free time is a period of time spent out of work and domestic activity. It`s recreational time when you can forget about day-to-day stress. So this time is very important. Having hobbies is a positive way to keep the mind active, body energetic and emotions under control.

Hobbies are divided into four groups: doing things, making things, collecting things, learning things

You do something and if you like it or have good results (you are satisfied with the results) you feel good about yourself and live happier and more exciting,(stimulating, meaningful) life.

As for me I develop a keen interest in many things. I`m fond of playing volleyball,(skiing, roller-skating, jogging, swimming, fishing, boating, dancing, collecting coins, making model cars, knitting, sewing, painting, yoga, embroidery, making candles, reading, cooking, watching TV, diving, skate-boarding, aerobics, photography, design.

It`s fascinating (entertaining, fun, interesting, useful, difficult). For this activity you need to be really skillful (dedicated, patient, have a lot of time). This activity brings me joy and relaxation.

In summer (winter) I usually. At summer holidays I….

Великобритания

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The total area is about 120,000 square miles. The country consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It`s separated from Europe by the English Channel. Britain is an evergreen country as it`s surrounded by the sea. The population of the country is over 57 million people.

The UK is a parliamentary monarchy. This means that the official head of state is the monarch, but his or her powers are limited by the constitution. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.

Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. It consists of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. The monarch serves formally as head of state and should not make political decisions. Queen Elizabeth II was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.The political head is prime Minister. Now it`s David Cameron

Nowadays the UK is a highly developed industrial country.

London, the capital of the UK, is the greatest city and port on the British Isles. It is its political, economic and commercial centre. London is one of the largest cities of the world. Its population is more than 8 million.

The weather in Britain is a special topic for discussion.

8. Праздники в США

There are a lot of holiday in the USA.Many of them are associated with the history of the nation.The main holidays of the USA are New Year's Day, Easter Memorial Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. The New Year's Eve is a marry time.Most Americans spend this night with friends,at home or in restaurants.Thousands of people gather in New York in Times Square to see the New Year in. The Tournament of Roses takes place in 1st of Pasadena, California, on the January each year.Prizes are given to the cities with the most unusual floral compositions .At Easter there is a tradition for people to buy new clothes.After church services many people take walks along the streets of their towns,wearing their new Easter hats and suits.This is usually called the"Easter Parade". Memorial Day comes on May 30. It is dedicated the memory of those who died to for America in different wars.The national flags are put on the graves of soldier on this day.The 4th of July,an Independence Day,is the biggest national holiday of the USA.On this day in 1776 a document,known as the Declaration of Independence,was adopted.During this holiday American cities have parades; people shoot off fireworks in parks and fields. Thanksgiving Day comes on the fourth Thursday of November.When the first settlers landed in America, their first year was hard and 50 of 100 people died.But the Indians taught people how to plant corn and wild vegetables and in autumn they got a large harvest.Thanksgiving Day was their holiday,the day of giving thanks to God.It is a family holiday and Americans try to gather all family at home on this day.There are also some holidays which are not celebrated nation-wide,but only by each state separately.

США

The USA is the 4th largest country in the world (after Russia,Canada and China).It is situated in central North America and stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean.It borders on Canada in the north and Mexico in the south and has a sea-border with Russia.It also includes Alaska and Hawaii.The total area of the country is 9,4 million square kilometres.The enormous size of the country influences the diversity of landscape,climate and even people.The USA is a federal republic,a union of 50 states.The capital of the country Washington is situated in a special federal area called the District of Columbia.The population of the country is about 260 million people.They are the people of all races and nationalities,either descendants of immigrants or immigrants who have come to America from all the countries of the world in search of independence and self-realization.It's impossible to generalize about the weather,the landscape and the way of living.

6. Обычаи и традиции Великобритании

Great Britain is known as a country of strong traditions. It`s a wonderful country with historical past and interesting present. Britons have national holidays and traditions, some of them date back 100s years ago.

British nation is one of the most conservative in Europe. Englishmen are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. One of the most popular ceremonies is Changing of the guard. The ceremony takes place at Buckingham palace every day at 11.30. It attracts a lot of spectators. The royal place is traditionally guarded by special troops who wear colourful uniforms. The history of the Foot Guards goes back to 1656. Brits also like to celebrate some holidays. There are six public holidays a year, the days on which people don`t go to work. They are: Christmas Day, Boxing Day, Good Friday, Easter.

18. Мой любимый художник

Mark Chagall was born in 1887 in a poor Jewish family in Vitebsk. He was the eldest of ten children. Despite the poverty, he never went hungry and his childhood was filled with countryside, children and animals. He learned the violin and was given singing lessons, from the early age he drew and wrote poetry. Chagall began to display his talent while studying at school and against his parents’ wishes he decided that he wanted to be an artist.

In 1906 he went to St. Petersburg and it was at this time that his unique style began to develop. Later he found a patron, who agreed to pay for his studies in Paris. There he painted his most famous paintings. His works were full of religion, fantasy, nostalgia and lyrics.

During the World War I he resided in Belarus and married his fiancé Bella. He became the founder and the most popular teacher at the Free Academy of Art in Vitebsk.

Marc Chagall also created a series of etchings illustrating the Bible and works for theatrical and ballet designs.

Chagall was one of very few artists whose works were exhibited at the Louvre in their lifetime.

19. Путешествия

Rest and recreation are as important as work. There are different ways to spend holidays, but the most popular is travelling.

People travel about their own countries and to foreign lands to see modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, to enjoy picturesque places or just for a change of scene.

The aim of traveling

· Have rest, recreation time, get new impressions, leave your stress and negative emotions

· To discover new things, to meet different people, taste food, examine various architectural styles, visit museums and art galleries.

So travelling is a wonderful opportunity to learn more about the world we live in.

9. Моя родина Беларусь

The republic of Belarus is situated in the center of Europe. The capital is Minsk. Belarus borders on Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia and Ukraine. The territory of Belarus is 207.6 thousand sq km. Belarus consists of 6 regions: Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev regions. Minsk, the capital, is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe. The population of the country is about 10 million people.

Geographic and climatic conditions favor (благоприятствуют) the development of transport and economic relations. The climate of Belarus is moderate continental with mild and humid winters, warm summers and damp autumns. Our native land is very beautiful with its blue lakes, rivers, thick forests, fields, meadows and swamps, with its varied animals and plants. In Belarus there are over 20 thousand rivers and lakes. The largest lake is Naroch.. The longest rivers are the Dnieper, the Nieman, the Western Bug and the Western Dvina.

A great part of the country is covered with forests. An ancient forest- Belovezhskaya Pushcha - is a national reservation. The pride of the reservation is the bison.

The nature of Belarus has suffered much from the nuclear catastrophe in Chernobyl in 1986. The radiation has spoiled our soil and air, rivers and lakes, it has poisoned our flora and fauna. Besides it has badly affected the health of people.

Belarus was the territory of many wars, invasions and aggressions.

Nowadays Belarus is a country of developed industry, agriculture, science and culture.)

20. Моя будущая профессия

It’s rather difficult sometimes to choose a career and to speak about the future profession. I’d say because a lot may change in our life in a moment. There are lucky people who chose their profession in childhood and since that time have been doing everything possible to acquire proficiency. But they are few.

If we are not indifferent to our future, while thinking about the future career we are to pay attention to a number of important things. We should determine our abilities and inclinations. Then we should analyze job prospects. We must know whether the professions we have chosen will guarantee good living conditions and give promotion. We must be sure we’ll avoid unemployment or at least will be able to apply our knowledge and skills in other fields of human activity. In short, we are to decide what we are going to do in our life and feel satisfied, but not bored or disappointed.

As for me, I decided to be a …. My choice of this occupation/profession was not sudden. I think that nowadays this profession is very important in my country. My goal is to become a good specialist. I should have a good knowledge in physics, math, and electronics to be a qualified …. I think that with this knowledge I will succeed in my job.

Выдающиеся люди Великобритании

No technological advances can be possible without the genius and talent of the outstanding people whose discoveries contributed of to the world’s progress. The list of these names is really impressive.Isaac Newton is one of such names. He was a great English scientist. He studied mathematics, chemistry, optics, and dynamics. He discovered the law of gravitation. His brilliant idea was that there is gravitation between all bodies. He saw an apple fall from the tree, he wondered why it always fell to the earth. Another of Newton’s laws says that for every force there is an equal force in the opposite direction. Newton’s next discovery was in optics. He wanted to know what light is. He proved that the white light from the sun is the mixture of light of different colors.Another great man of GB was Isambard Brunel. He is the best known in the world for the creation of Western Railway, a series of famous steamships, numerous important bridges and tunnels under rivers and the first telegraph cable along the bottom of Atlantic Ocean. Most modern tunnels are cut in the way Brunel had designed, including the Channel Tunnel between England and France. He is well-known not only for railway bridge engineering, but for constructing the first modern metal ship. Of course there are many other famous British scientists such as Charles Darwin, Alexander Fleming, who are well-known all over the world.