Словообразование. 1. Отработка новой лексики

Тема 1.9. ШУМЫ (NOISES)

1. Отработка новой лексики. Особенности перевода интернациональных слов.

2. Словообразование.

3. Чтение.

4. Говорение. Работа с устными высказываниями по теме.

Отработка новой лексики. Особенности перевода интернациональных слов.

ЗАДАНИЯ

1.1. Найдите транскрипцию приведённых ниже слов в англо-русском словаре. Произнесите слова в соответствии с транскрипцией (см. Приложение1). Прослушайте слова (см. Введение.п. 2). (Find a transcription of the following words in the English-Russian dictionary. Say the words according to the transcription (see Application1). Listen to the words (see Introduction. item2.)

to impress - внедрять, печатать

to disturb - беспокоить, создавать помехи

hum - гудение, гул

hiss - шипение

whistle - свист

statics - атмосферные помехи

steady - устойчивый, постоянный

poor - слабый, бедный

therefore - поэтому, следовательно

alternating current – переменный ток

direct current – постоянный ток

steady current - постоянный ток

1.2. Найдите в тексте «NOISES» указанные в задании 1.1. слова. Запишите слова в контексте (см. Введение. п.1). (Find words pointed in the task 1.1. in the text «NOISES». Write down the words in a context (see Introduction. item1.)

NOISES

Noise is a serious problem for radio communication practically of any kind. There exist different types of noise. Each type has its cause and, therefore, has been given its name. Among different types of noise there is hum, a «toady low-frequency note, produced when the frequency of the alternat­ing-current power supply becomes impressed onto the signal. The usual cause of hum is poor filtering. Hiss and whistle, steady high-frequency notes, are produced by audio-frequencies oscillations, or by beats. Naturally, these noisescause disturbances and, therefore, they should be minimized and, in the end, eliminated. The elimination of noises depends, first of all, on the designand construction of the receiver. It should be noted, however, that there exist types of noise that cannot be eliminated. The most important of these are statics — noises caused by electrical disturbances in the atmo­sphere. To the causes of statics also belong disturbances caused by the opera­tion of nearby electrical equipment, such as, for example, automobiles.

1.3. Прочитайте приведенные ниже слова. Обратите внимание на особенности перевода интернациональных слов (см. Введение. п.3.). Попытайтесь перевести слова без словаря. Запишите перевод этих слов, сверяясь со словарём. (Read the following words. Pay attention to the translation of international words (see Introduction. item3). Try to translate these words without a dictionary. Write down the translation of these words, referring to the dictionary.)

automobile___________________

serious______________________

minimize____________________

1.4. Переведите приведенные ниже словосочетания в письменной форме. (Translate the following word combinations in writing.)

poor filtering _____________________________________

serious disturbances _______________________________

steady statics _____________________________________

nearby electrical equipment _________________________

steady low-frequency note __________________________

alternating-current power supply _____________________

Словообразование

2.1. Прочитайте Приложение 3. Определите части речи приведенных ниже слов, запишите перевод (см. образец). (Read Application 3. Identify the parts of speech the following words, write down the translation of the words (see Model.)

Образец (Model):

reconstruction - _____________, to_____________ — ____________

elimination - _______________, to_____________ — ____________

existence - _________________, to_____________ — ____________

decrease - __________________, to_____________ — ____________

disturbance - _______________, to_____________ — ____________

impression - ________________, to_____________ — ____________

increase - __________________, to_____________ — ____________

Чтение

3.1. Прочитайте Введение. п.5. Следуя рекомендациям, прочитайте текст «NOISES» (п.1.2). (Read Introduction. item5. Following the recommendations, read the text «NOISES» (item 1.2.)

3.2. Найдите ответы на следующие вопросы в тексте «NOISES» (п.1.2). (Find the answers to the following questions in the text «NOISES» (item 1.2.)

• What are the main parts of radio communication?

• What component of a transmitter converts the signals into a varying electrical voltage?

• For what purpose does a photoelectric device serve as a transducer?

• From what part of a radio system is energy transmitted into or re­ceived from space?

• By what means is a good selectivity of a radio receiver achieved?

• What are the main characteristics of a carrier wave?

• By what means is the receiving circuit tuned to the frequency of the transmitter?

• What type of noise is called statics?

• Why should noises be minimized and eliminated?