The United States of America

The United States of America is the 4^th largest country in the world after Russia, Canada and China. The country consists of 3 parts: the continental part is in the center of the North American continent, the Hawaii and Alaska. Its total area is over 9 mln. sq. km. The country borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south. It also has a sea-border with Russia.

The country is washed by 3 oceans: The Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. The country has many lakes, including the Great Lakes and many rivers. The longest of which is the Mississippi. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera, the Appalachi, and the Sierra Nevada.

The climate conditions are rather different. The country is rich in natural and mineral resources: oil, gas, iron ore, coal and various metals.

The USA is a highly developed industrial and agricultural country, The main industrial branches are aircraft, rocket, automobile, electronics, radio-engineering.

The country population is over 250 mln., consists of all races and nations. The official language is English. The national symbol of the USA is the USA is the national flag “Stars and Stripes”, having 50 white stars and 13 white and red stripes.

Officially the country comprises 50 states and 1 district – Columbia. The States differ in size, population. Each state has its own capital. The capital of the USA is Washington. There are also many large cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, San Francisco and others.

The USA is a federal state, headed by the President. According to the USA Constitution the powers of the Government are divided into 3 branches; legislative, executive and judicial.

The legislative power belongs to the Congress consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate represents the states while the House of Representatives – population. The executive power belongs to the President and his Administration (the Vice-President and the Cabinet of Ministers) headed by the Prime Minister. The judicial power belongs to the Supreme Court and federal courts.

The country has a multiparty system. The largest of the parties are the Republican (symbolized by a donkey) and the Democratic (symbolized by an elephant).

Nowadays the USA is one of the leading powers of the world due to its economic, political and military influence.

2. а) Перевести письменно на английский язык следующие вопросы:

- Как называется официально эта страна?

- Где она расположена?

- Какова ее территория?

- Каково ее население?

б) Ответить письменно на вопросы на английском языке.

- Who is the head of the state?

- What does the American constitution look like?

- Which are the largest parties in U.S?

3. Составить предложение из данных слов.

- The state federal the is by the headed President.

- State the multiparty has system

4. Вставить соответствующее притяжательное местоимение.

… population is about 250 mln.

5. Выбрать нужное неопределенное местоимение (some, any).

The country has … lakes, including the Great Lakes and … rivers.

6. Выбрать правильный предлог. (on, in, -)

I left school … 2000.

7. Выбрать правильный модальный глагол. American people … use a very old constitution.

a) can;

b) may;

c) must.

8. Выбрать правильную видовременную форму сказуемого.He … now to my mother.

a) is speaking

b) spoke

c) speaks

9. Выбрать глагол в соответствующем времени пассивного залога. The country …by 3 Oceans.

a) is washed

b) is washing

c) has washed

Вариант 5

1.Текст прочитать, списать и сделать перевод на русский язык.

Canada

Canada consists of almost all of the North American continent north of the US except Alaska. Its total land area of more then 9 mln sq. km makes it the second largest country in the world.

The Canadian Shield, an ice-scoured area covering half the country, dominates Canada’s topography. Most of northern Canada has subarctic or arctic climates, with long cold winters lasting 8 to 11 month, short sunny summers, and little precipitation. In contrast, the populated south has a variety of climatological landscapes.

The total population according to the 1981 census was about 24 mln people with an average population density of 2.8 per sq. km.

English and French are the official languages of Canada and have equal status, rights and privileges as to their use in all governmental institutions.

Canada is a federation of 10 provinces and 2 northern territories. The federal Parliament is made up of the House of Commons and the Senate. The leader of the party that wins the largest number of seats in a newly elected House of Commons is asked to form the government.

The civil law follows English common law everywhere except in Quebec, where it follows the Napoleonic Code.

Canada is a world leader in the production of asbestos, nickel and other element, forestry products, and ranks first in the world in export of minerals. Although no longer the foremost sector of the economy, agriculture is of major importance to the economy as a whole. Canada in among the world’s leading wheat producers and is second in the export of wheat.

Basically, Canada has a free-enterprise economy. A recurrent problem for Canada has been the dominant position of US corporations and investors.

2. Ответить (письменно) на вопросы на английском языке:

1. What can you say about the climate of Canada?

2. What is its political status?

3. Does Canada have one official language?

4. What is the jurisdiction of Canada like?

5. What is the Canada`s politics.

3. Составить предложение из данных слов.

- has Canada a economy free-enterprise.

- official and French are English Canada the languages of.

4. Вставить соответствующее притяжательное местоимение.

She has forgot … key and cant get in.

5. Выбрать нужное неопределенное местоимение (some, any).

Is …body home?

6. Выбрать правильный предлог. (on, in, -)

I start …Monday.

7. Выбрать правильный модальный глагол.

Every person… work.

a) is to;

b) has to;

c) must.

8. Выбрать правильную видовременную форму сказуемого.

They … now to the music.

a) will be listening

b) listen

c) are listening

9. Выбрать глагол в соответствующем времени пассивного залога.

Asbestos, nickel … in Canada

a) is produced

b) is producing

c) are produced

Вариант 6

1.Текст прочитать, списать и сделать перевод на русский язык.