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Practice Modals
Ex. 1. Supply the necessary modal verbs.
1. I was very tired last night but I (не мог спать).
2. I had forgotten to bring my camera so I (не смог сделать) any photographs.
3. It was a great party last night you (следовало прийти).
4. Tom is not at work today. He (возможно болен).
5. You (не надо было спрашивать) him about it.
6. It’s a fantastic film. You (должен посмотреть) it.
7. I think you (следует купить) this dress.
8. Peter (должен был заплатить) a parking fine yesterday.
9. That restaurant (не может быть) very good. It’s always empty.
10. This is a valuable book. You (не должен потерять) it.
11. You have been travelling all day. You (должно быть) very tired.
12. I’d like to read Ann’s letter. The only problem is I (не могу найти) my glasses.
13. You (не должен помогать) him with his homework. It’s important that he does it himself.
14. I just want a general idea of the story so I (не нужно читать) all the book.
15. Why did you wash that suit? It was not dirty, you (не надо было стирать) it.
16. I don’t think you (следует смотреть) TV so much.
17. We (пришлось идти пешком) home last night. There were no buses.
18. I don’t want the children play in this room. They (могут разбить) something.
19. I am sorry that I didn’t take your advice I (следовало отправить) this letter a week ago.
20. Our teacher says that we (сможем говорить) English fluently in a few months.
21. Paul doesn’t like his new job. Sometimes he (вынужден) work at weekends.
22. This restaurant (должно быть) very good. It’s always full of people.
Ex. 2. Translate into Russian.
1. Water has to be thoroughly analysed during the epidemics.
2. Account has to be taken of the elastic properties of the body.
3. The lamprey must have existed at an early period.
4. Attention was to be paid to the climatic conditions.
5. This species cannot have emigrated from the North by two different routes.
6. Care is to be taken not to use methods of growing tissues on the surface of agar.
7. We know that previous to mutation there must have been a normal gene in place of the mutant gene.
8. The majority of the plant names have been taken straight from the chemical literature and taxonomists are bound to find some difficulty in interpretation.
9. Most species comprised in group 3 may have a very complicated origin.
10. It is to be regretted that the deserved attention was not given to their results.
11. It is to be emphasized that some acids are found in very few species.
12. It is to be noted that the aim was to be demonstrated the production of cells.
Ex. 3. Choose and use the appropriate modal verb from given in brackets.
1. These cells (need, can must, to have to be easily found in the roots as well as in the stem of that plant.
2. This plant (must, can, should) grow under such conditions rather well.
3. The roots of this plant (must, can, may, need) be used for human food.
4. Every student (may, can, should) know the difference between the leaves of oak and birch.
5. Such plants (need, must, should) have been cultivated by man long ago.
6. When water (must, may, to be (to), need) to be used for drinking it is necessary that microbes which it (to be (to), to have (to), may) contain (should, must, may) be killed.
7. You will (may, to have (to), to be (to), must) to study the characteristics of both plants as there (may, to be (to), must, can) be a considerable difference between them.
8. One (can, ought to, may, to have (to), should, must) to remember that this reaction is often followed by an explosion.
Ex. 4. Translate the sentences paying attention to Modals.
1. A great series of chemical changes has to occur before food becomes protoplasm.
2. These plant parts may have been found on and below the soil surface.
3. This list could be extended a long way.
4. Living protoplasm must always be thought of as a system in dynamic equilibrium.
5. Different techniques have to be used with microorganisms.
6. Hybrids may show characteristics of both parents.
7. The development of this disease must have been considerable favoured by high moisture conditions.
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