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Other pavements

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Composite surface combines Portland cement concrete and asphalt. They are usually used to rehabilitate existing roadways rather than in new construction.

http://www.forconstructionpros.com/article/10616882/clearing-the-air-about-pneumatic-rollers
Bituminous surface treatment (BST) is used mainly on low-traffic roads, but also as a sealing coat to rejuvenate an asphalt concrete pavement. It generally consists of aggregate spread over a sprayed on asphalt emulsion or cut-back asphalt cement. The aggregate is then embedded into the asphalt by rolling it, typically with a rubber-tired roller. This type of surface is described by a wide variety of regional terms including "chip seal", "oil and stone" etc.

The ease of application of BST is one reason for its popularity, but another is its flexibility, which is important when roadways are laid down over unstable terrain that thaws and softens in the spring.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gravel_Road_Coober_Pedy.jpg
Gravel is known to have been used extensively in the construction of roads by soldiers of the Roman Empire. A granular surface can be used with a traffic volume where the average annual daily traffic is 1,200 vehicles per day or less. There is some structural strength as the road surface combines a sub base and base and is topped with a seal aggregate with emulsion. The decision whether to pave a gravel road or not often depends on traffic volume. Obviously, it is not as durable as concrete or asphalt pavements, but relatively cheap.

Pavers generally have the form of pre-cast concrete blocks, are often used for aesthetic purposes. Pavers are rarely used in areas with high-speed vehicle traffic.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface
Brick, cobblestone, sett pavements were once common in urban areas throughout the world, but fell out of fashion in most countries, due to the high cost of labor required to lay and maintain them, and are typically only kept for historical or aesthetic reasons. In some countries, however, they are still common in local streets.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface


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Date: 2015-12-12; view: 484; Нарушение авторских прав


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