There are four paragraphs in the text. Match each paragraph to one of the headings (define the topic) (A-D)

a. Families

b. At Work

c. Religion

d. Life and changes

A CENTURY OF CHANGE

1. We have already highlighted many of the ways in which Britain changed during the 20th century. The figures on these pages show some other changes. They are to do with the population. There are now 20 million more Britons than there were in 1901. They are richer and healthier - and they live much longer.This means that there are more old people than ever before. At the start of the century, about 4% of the population was over 65 years old. Today, that figure is about 13%. At the same time, there are fewer children being born.

2. So families have got smaller. In 1901, there were 4.6 people in an average household. Today, there are only 2.5. This is partly because there are many more families with a single parent. It is also due to the fall in the number of servants. In 1861, about 14% of households had at least one servant who lived with the family. By 1951, the figure was about 1%. Today, very few households have any servants at all.

3. Another major change has taken place at work. At the start of the century, nearly three-quarters of working people worked with their hands (manually), actually making things. Today, most people work in shops and offices.

4. Since1945, the large numbers of immigrants from Commonwealth countries have also brought changes. One of the biggest is in religion. Non-Christian religions, such as Islam and Sikhism, have grown rapidly, while the Christian Church of England and other Protestant churches have shrunk.

ЭТАП 2

Задача второго этапа - развитие специальных умений работать с невербальными компонентам. Невербальные компоненты, относящиеся к каждой из четырех выделенных групп (рисунки/фотографии; тематические карты; таблицы; графики-диаграммы), имеют свои особенности. Поэтому развитие соответствующих умений осуществляется постепенно с каждой из этих групп, что позволяет сконцентрировать внимание школьников на их специфике.

Рассмотрим работу с целью развития специальных умений на примере рисунков и фотографий, карт, таблиц и графиков.

Раскроем основное направление работы на конкретных примерах, используя невербальные компоненты из каждой группы.

Алгоритм работы с рисунками и фотографиями

Рисунки и фотографии часто используются в научно-популярных и учебно-научных текстах и не представляют особых трудностей. Поэтому для обучения на старшем этапе целесообразно использовать группы рисунков и фотоколлаж.

Fitness and health/Здоровыйобразжизни