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Структура сочинения. Типичные обороты и выражения





 

· Введение = Introduction
- In this set of materials, the reading passage discusses an attempt to deal with the problem of..., and the listening passage explains why this attempt was not a successful one.
- In this set of materials, the reading passage describes a type of..., and the listening passage provides an extended example of this type of...
- In the lecture the professor/teacher/lecturer made several points about...
- The professor/teacher/lecturer argues that...
- The points made by the professor/teacher/lecturer agree with the reading.
- In fact, the examples used by the professor/teacher/lecturer support the reading.

· Основная часть сочинения (один-два абзаца) = Body Paragraph( s )
- The first point that the professor/teacher/lecturer uses to support the reading is...
- According to the professor/teacher/lecturer...
- This point supports the reading, which holds (полагает/считает) that...
- The point made by the professor/teacher/lecturer supports the reading because...
- Furthermore, the professor/teacher/lecturer bolsters (поддерживает) the reading by stating that (+ point #2)...
- The professor/teacher/lecturer claims that (+ detail for point #2)...
- This point agrees with the reading, which contends (утверждает/заявляет) that...
- The point shows the truth of the reading because...

· Заключение = Conclusion
- In conclusion/In sum/To sum up/In the final analysis...
- To sum up, the points made in the lecture support the reading. The points from the lecture demonstrate that the fact/idea discussed/described (the information presented) in the reading is valid (веский, обоснованный).


Sample Response
Integrated Writing Task

In this set of materials, the reading passage discusses the factors that influence workers' job satisfaction, and the listening passage expands on this topic providing several examples. In the lecture the professor makes many points about the motivation and needs of workers. The professor argues that a small work group (not a big impersonal system) fills important social and emotional needs of workers. This agrees with the reading, which states that workers consider social and personal features of the workplace very important. In fact, the examples used by the professor support the reading.

The first point that the professor makes is that workers deserve to participate in making decisions. He claims that if workers have a voice in the decisions, especially, within the work group, they not only will be motivated to work more efficiently but also will take more pride in their work. The point made by the professor supports the reading in that the most satisfying jobs are those with a high level of autonomy and with minimal supervision. Also, the lecture states that workers feel angry and alienated when they have no voice. This point agrees with the reading, which contends that alienation is a sense of powerlessness.

Furthermore, the lecture bolsters the reading by claiming that workers' social and personal needs go beyond their economic concerns. This supports the point in the reading that traditional economic incentives such as pay and promotions are near the bottom of the list of what workers consider important.

In the final analysis, the points made in the lecture support the idea of the reading that such social and personal factors as a good ambience in the workplace and a good rapport with co-workers, as well as job autonomy create high work motivation.


Примечание: В этом сочинении больше слов, чем требуется (291 слово), поскольку оно является примером того, как нужно использовать соответствующие обороты и грамматические конструкции в его структуре. Экзаменационные требования определяют количество слов в пределах 150 - 225. На экзамене введение можно сделать более кратким, так как в вашем распоряжении будет только 20 минут:
In this set of materials, the reading passage discusses the factors that influence workers' job satisfaction, and the listening passage expands on this topic providing several examples that support the reading.

 

Date: 2016-02-19; view: 437; Нарушение авторских прав; Помощь в написании работы --> СЮДА...



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