Work with a partner to label each statement true (T) or false (F). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true

1._____There are two main types of diabetes: Juvenile diabetes (also called Type I) and Maturity-onset diabetes (Type II).

2. _____Common signs of diabetes are excessive thirst, urination, and fatigue.

3. _____Today, glucose levels are not controlled by injecting a rapidly absorbed insulin just before each meal.

4. _____A regular program of physical exercise is also recommended as an important part of diabetes treatment.

5. _____The most serious problem diabetic children face is hypoglycaemia, or high blood glucose.

6. _____Common symptoms of diabetes in young children include misbehaviour and irritability, although symptoms can vary from episode to episode.

7. _____Goitre is a swelling in the back, caused by a malfunction of the thyroid gland.

8. _____If the thyroid gland does not receive enough iodine from the blood, the gland may decrease, causing a goitre.

9. _____Congenital hypothyroidism is a disorder in which a child may be born with an underactive thyroid gland.

10. _____The symptoms of thyroid malfunction are usually obvious, and can be confirmed with a blood test.

11. _____Hyperthyroidism, or overproduction of thyroid hormones, usually affects young women, and only rarely affects children.

12. _____Any swelling on a child's neck should be given prompt medical attention.

3. Here the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?

1. Yes, it is. It is a condition in which a person has a high blood sugar (glucose) level.

2. No, there is not. There are many types of diabetes.

3. Juvenile diabetes (Type I) occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin; as a result, it is also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

4. Maturity-onset diabetes (Type II) occurs when the body produces insulin but cannot use it efficiently.

5. If left untreated diabetes can induce coma and cause death.

6. Long-term complications from diabetes began to increase as diabetics' life span increased.

7. Yes, it is. Goitre is a swelling in the neck, caused by a malfunction of the thyroid gland.

8. If the thyroid gland does not receive enough iodine from the blood, the gland may enlarge, causing goitre.

9. Goitre is also present in hyperthyroidism, when the gland produces too much thyroid hormone.

10. The symptoms of thyroid malfunction are usually obvious, and can be confirmed with a blood test.

11 Treatment usually involves medication that blocks the excess hormone production.

12. Yes, it is. Hyperthyroidism is overproduction of thyroid hormones.

4. Word hunt

(a) Find in the text English equivalents of the following words and phrases and
translate the sentences containing them:

порушення обміну речовин; надмірне сечовипускання; втрата зору; строгий режим харчування; супроводжуватися ожирінням; контролюватися тільки дієтою; поглинати інсулін; ниркова недостатність; регулярна програма фізичних вправ; втрата ваги та апетиту; стимулювати підшлункову залозу; виділяти додатковий інсулін; підтверджуватися аналізом крові

(b) Use these words and phrases in the sentences of your own.

5. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:

1. Why is diabetes mellitus considered to be a metabolic disease?

2. What are the main manifestations of the disease?

3. What is the difference between juvenile and maturity-onset diabetes?

4. What complications of diabetes are the most spread nowadays?

5. How is the glucose level controlled in diabetes mellitus?

6. What is the role of physical exercises in diabetes treatment?

7. Why is hypoglycaemia the most serious problem diabetic children face?

8. What is goitre caused by?

9. How can thyroid gland contribute to the development of goitre?

10. What are two forms of thyroid disorder?

11. What is the difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

12. What are the main symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

13. What is done to prevent thyroid malfunction?