Контрольная работа № 6(2)

I. Прочитайте весь текст, а затем письменно переведите на русский язык 2-й абзац. Английский текст перепишите на левой странице тетради, русский на правой:

THE PULSEJET ENGINE

1. The pulsejet engine consists of a diffuser, a flap valve grid, a combustion chamber, and a discharge nozzle. The function of the diffuser is to change the kinetic energy of the air into a static pressure rise by slowing down the air velocity. When a certain pressure drop exists across the valve grid, the valves will open and permit the fresh air to enter the combus­tion chamber, where fuel is mixed with the air and combustion occurs, initially with spark ignition. The combustion is ideally a constant volume process; therefore there is a rapid increase in pressure, which causes the valves to close rapidly and surges the products of combustion rearward into the nozzle, where they expand and escape with a higher velocity than the entrance velocity.

2. Once more the momentum of the working fluid is changed so as to cause a propulsive thrust. Since the combustion process causes the pressure to increase, the engine can operate at static conditions once the engine has been started. When the combustion products accelerate from the combustion chamber, they leave a slight vacuum in the combustion chamber which, in turn, produces a sufficient pressure drop across the valve grid, allowing the valves to open and a new charge of air to enter the combustion chamber. The new charge is mixed with fuel which flows continuously and is ignited by the charge leaving or by the residual heat in the combustion chamber. The new charge need not be ignited with a spark plug. The flight velocities of the pulsejet engine are much lower than the best operating speed of the ramjet engine.

II. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы:

1. What parts does the pulsejet engine consists of?

2. What is the function of the diffuser?

IП. Выпишите из текста английские соответствия следующим сочетаниям:

1. Клапанная решетка двигателя

2. Искровое зажигание

3. Скорость на входе

4. Скорость полета

IV. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предло­жения. Обратите внимание на глаголы «should» (в значении «должен», «следует») и «would» (в сослагательном наклонении – глагол + частица «бы»):

1. The overhaul of a gas-turbine engine should always follow the procedures specified by the manufacturer.

2. The wing should be reinforced.

3. The best position for the engines would be as far away from the pilot and passengers as possible.

4. A helicopter undertakes missions that would be impossible to do by planes.

V. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующее предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкцию «самостоятельный причастный оборот» (см. модель):

1. The compressor of this engine consists of two sections, the forward section being the low-pressure compressor.

2. There are several types of combustion chambers used in aircraft, the most popular being the annular and cannular combustion chambers.

3. Higher power being required, a multi-stage turbine may be used.

4. The typical compressor consisting of 11 blades disks, it is called an "11-stage" compressor.

VI. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкцию «сложное дополнение» (см. модель):

1. We know acceleration to be the rate of change of velocity of any object.

2. The operator should watch the turbine inlet temperature rise to prevent overheating the engine.

3. We know every moden airplane to be equipped with certain radio devices.

4. They thought these data to differ greatly from the information that he had received from his experiments.