Контрольная работа № 6(3)

I. Прочитайте весь текст, а затем письменно переведите на русский язык I абзац. Английский текст перепишите на левой стороне тетради, русский - на правой.

THE TURBOJET ENGINE

1. The most common type of airbreathing engine is the turbojet engine. This engine consists of a diffuser, a mechanical compressor, a combustion chamber, a mechanical turbine, and аn exhaust nozzle. The function of the diffuser is to transform the kinetic energy of the entering air into a static pressure rise. The diffuser delivers its air to the mechanical com­pressor which further compresses the air and delivers it to the combustion chamber. There, fuel nozzles feed fuel continu­ously and continuous combustion takes place at approximately constant pressure. The high temperature and high pressure gases then enter the turbine, where they expand to provide power for the turbine. The turbine is directly connected to the compressor, and all the power developed by the turbine is ab­sorbed by the compressor and the auxiliary apparatus. The main function of the turbine is to provide power for the mechanical compressor. After the gases leave the turbine, they expand further in the exhaust nozzle and are ejected at a velocity greater than the flight velocity to produce a thrust for propulsion.

2. Turbojets are classified into two general groups, depen­ding upon the type of the compressor used. These types are the centrifugal flow compressors, used when the direction of flow is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the engine, and the axial flow compressor, used when the direction of the flow is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engine.

II. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы:

1. What does the turbojet engine consist of?

2. What is the main function of the turbine?

III. Выпишите из текста английские соответствия следующим сочетаниям:

1. топливная форсунка

2. газы под высоким давлением

3. осевой компрессор

4. центробежный компрессор

IV. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предло­жения. Обратите внимание на глаголы «should» (в значении «должен», «следует») и «would» (в сослагательном наклонении – глагол + частица «бы»):

1. The combustion chamber should be compact.

2. After disassembly, all parts of the engine should be cleaned and prepared for inspection.

3. It would be quite possible to rise the turbine inlet tempera­ture if high-resistant alloys were used.

4. But for friction, the part of the energy developed by mechanical devices would not be lost in the form of useless heat (but for–если бы не).

V. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкцию "самостоятельный причастный оборот" (см. модель):

1. Turbine buckets may be attached to turbine wheel rims by a variety of methods, the fir-tree attachment being the most satisfactory.

2. The compressor consists of a series of disks, their assembly being supported at each end by a hub.

3. Flight conditions being normal, the fuel system operates automatically.

4. The rotors being not driven by the engine, they are free to rotate.

VI. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкцию "сложное дополнение (см. модель):

1. We know the firing of the gas mixture in the combustion chamber to be called ignition.

2. The operator watched the engine run idle on the ground.

3. What makes an automobile run?

4. We expect planes to carry hundreds tons of freight.