Informal vocabulary

Informal vocab-y is used in one's immediate circle: family, relatives or friends. Inf style is free-and-easy, familiar and unpretentious. Inf words and word-groups are traditionally divided into 3 types: colloquial, slang and dialect words and word-groups.

Colloquialisms are used by everybody, and their sphere of communication is comparatively wide, at least of literary colloquial words. These are inf words that are used in everyday conversational speech both by cultivated and uneducated people of all age groups. Inf words appear in dialogues in which they realistically reflect the speech of modern people.

Pal and chum - friend; girl, when used coll-lly, denotes a woman of any age; bite and snack stand for meal; hi, hello are inf greetings. A number of shortenings are found among words of this type. pram, exam, fridge, flu, prop, movie. Verbs with post-positional adverbs are also numerous among coll-s: put up, put over, make up, make out, turn in. Literary coll-l words are to be distinguished from familiar coll-l and low coll-l. The borderline is not always clearly marked. familiar coll-l used mostly by the young and the semi-educated. Low coll-l- uncultivated speech.

Slang -lang-ge of a highly coll-l style, considered as below the level of standard educated speech, and consisting either of new words or of current words employed in some special sense. Each slang is rooted in a joke, but not in a kind or amusing joke. This is the criterion for distinguishing slang from coll-s: most slang words are metaphors often with a coarse, mocking, cynical colouring. used by the young and uneducated. (mug-face,dogs-feet, blinkers-eyes) Gene ral slang includes words that are not specific for any social or professional group, whereas spec ial slang is peculiar for some such group: teenager slang, university slang, public school slang, Air Force siang, football slang, sea slang, and so on.

Dialect -a variety of a language which prevails in a district, with local peculiarities of vocabulary, pronunciation and phrase. So dialects are regional forms of English. brass -money; to lake -to play; nivver –never, summat- something; nowt- nothing; mich- much; тип- must; ay- yes.