Federal Constitutional Law on Judicial System of the Russian Federation

Judicial power in the Russian Federation is performed only by courts in the persons of judges and jurors, people's and arbitration assessors drawn in the administration of justice in the order stated by Law. Judicial power is self-dependent and acts inde­pendently from legislative and executive powers. Judicial power is performed through constitutional, civil, administrative and criminal court procedure. Judicial system of the Russian Federation is established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and this Federal Constitutional Law. Unity of judicial system of

the Russian Federation is ensured by: establishment of judicial system of the Russian Federation by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and this Federal Constitu­tional Law; observance of the rules of court procedure established by federal laws by all federal courts and Justices of the Peace; application of the Constitution of the

Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, universally recognized

principles and norms of the international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation, and also constitutions (by-laws) and other laws of the subjects of the Rus­sian Federation by all courts; acceptance of compulsory execution of judicial deci­sions, which came into legal force, on the whole territory of the Russian Federation; legislative securing of the unity of judicial status; financing of federal courts and Jus­tices of the Peace from federal budget.

Justice in the Russian Federation shall be administered only by courts established un­der the Constitution of the Russian Federation and this Federal Constitutional Law Establishment of extraordinary courts or the courts not mentioned in this Federal Constitutional Law is not allowed.

There are federal courts, constitutional (by-laws) courts and Justices of the Peace of the subjects of the Russian Federation functioning in the Russian Federation which compose judicial system of the Russian Federation.

Federal courts are: the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation; the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, supreme courts of the republics, regional (kraj oblast) courts, city courts of federal importance, autonomous region and autonomous circuits courts, district courts, military and specialized courts, which compose the system of federal courts of general jurisdiction of the Russian Federation; the Su­preme Court of Arbitration of the Russian Federation, federal circuit courts of arbitra­tion, courts of arbitration of the subjects of the Russian Federation, which compose the system of federal courts of arbitration.

The courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation are: constitutional (by-laws) courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the Justices of the Peace, which are the judges of general jurisdiction of the subjects of the Russian Federation,

- self-dependent - независимый;

- court procedure - судопроизводство;

- legislative and execu­tive powers - исполнительные и законодательные власти;

- observance of the rules -соблюдение правил;

- compulsory execution - обязательное исполнение;

- extraordinary court -чрезвычайный суд;

- autonomous circuits courts - автономные окружные суды.

10. Answer the questions on the text "Federal Constitutional Law on Ju­dicial System of the Russian Federation"

1. How is judicial power in the Russian Federation performed?

2. Is the judicial power self-independent?

3. What procedure is judicial power performed through?

4. What is the unity of judicial system insured by?

5. What courts of the Russian Federation do you know?

6. What are the integral parts of federal courts?

7. What composes the system of federal courts of arbitration?