What is Biology

Biology is the study of living things. If something is alive, it will show "life activities." These are respiration (energy release), nutrition (feeding), excretion (getting rid of waste products), reproduction, growth, sensitivity (reacting to surroundings), and movement. Different branches of biology concentrate on particular areas, such as botany or zoology. So far, about 1.7 million species of living things have been identified. Millions of species have yet to be discovered and classified.

Read the text and tell about the differences in sensitivity of plants and animals.

Sensitivity

To avoid danger and to find the best conditions for life, living things must be able to detect changes in their surroundings and react to them. This is sensitivity.

Animals usually react quickly because they have sense organs (such as eyes) to receive information, and nervous systems to carry information.

Plants react more slowly, growing, for example, toward a stimulus such as light. Light, sounds, chemicals, touch, and temperature changes are all examples of stimuli

5. Read the text and find equivalents to the Russian words:

Потомство, передавать, хромосомы.

Reproduction

All living things eventually die. In order to prevent whole groups of organisms from dying out, living things must produce young that are like themselves.

This process is called reproduction. In most species two parents are needed to produce offspring, whereas in some species only one parent is needed. During reproduction the parents pass on information about how their offspring will look and develop. This information is carried and passed on through the chromosomes.

Read the text and say what are herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.