Outstanding Geologists

One of the first contributors to mining and geology was the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov who connected the study of minerals and rocks with chemistry and physics, discovered and formulated the laws of mining ventilation and mining geometry.

Among the most prominent geologists are A.P. Karpinsky, V.A. Obruchev, A.Y.Fersman, I.M. Gubkin and many others. Academician A.Y.Fersman ranks among those learning mineralogists who converted mineralogy from a purely descriptive science into a science based on the most fundamental chemical investigations. As the organizer of the Geochemical Institute in Moscow, academician A.Y.Fersman worked out the basic lines of the study of chemical elements and laid the foundation for the scientific surveying and prospecting for useful minerals. A number of scientific expeditions to different parts of the country were organized by him. He was the leader of the important investigations in the Kara-Kum Desert resulting in the discovery of big sulphur deposits, the construction of a large preparation plant for the processing of sulphur and sulphur products. Academician A.Y.Fersman led the expedition to Central Asia, the Urals, the Altai, the Caucasus and the Crimea. He is especially known for his detailed investigation of the Kola Peninsula which led to the discovery of enormous apatite deposits and the development of a mining-industrial region in the Khibiny Mountains where new towns came into being. 6) Составьте к тексту не менее четырех вопросов разного типа, чтобы они покрывали содержание.

Вариант 2

1) Подчеркните местоимения в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Our professor knows some foreign languages.

2. He has not any experience in mining as he is a first-year student now.

3. Those students study quite well.

4. Do you have any lectures in addition to practical classes on Saturday?

5. These rocks made up the crust of the Earth.

6. Somebody came to the laboratory.

7. Yesterday that group of students visited the concentration plant.

8. There was nobody in the laboratory.

2) Объясните употребление или отсутствие артиклей. Предложения переведите:

1. Hegetsastipend.

2. They are mining engineers.

3. Because of the overwhelming concentration of minerals in the north-eastern part of the USA.

4. Manufacturing is also concentrated there.

5. The problem of extracting geothermal energy is under consideration now.

6. Gas is not so convenient type of fuel as coal.

3) Подчеркните прилагательные. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The oldest sedimentary rocks were known some 3,500 million years ago.

2. Peat and coal are the organic sediments which are of great practical value.

3. The most principal kinds of sedimentary rocks are conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale, limestone and dolomite.

4. This time our group of geologists received better results in prospecting for mineral resources in the sea.

4) Переведите предложения на русский язык. Составьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. They were travelling in Europe for three weeks.

2. I am waiting for at the railway station now.

3. She will be translating this text for an hour or so.

4. Mr. Evans is writing a series of articles on the mining situation.

5) Переведите текст на русский язык со словарем: