Exercises. 1. Match the figures with the names of different parts of the bicycle

1. Match the figures with the names of different parts of the bicycle. Translate these terms:

a) frame;

b) pedals;

c) handlebars;

d) toe-clips;

e) gears;

f) brake levers;

g) seat;

h) chain;

i) chain-wheel.

2. Find the equivalents for the following word combinations in the text:

a) основа велосипеда;

b) достаточно гибкий;

c) не теряя силы;

d) требования, предъявляемые к велосипедам;

e) амортизировать на неровностях дороги;

f) сплавы, подобные тем, что используются в авиации;

g) неудивительно, что;

h) детали, устанавливаемые на раму.

3. Find the word that will be common one for the rest words in each line.

1. a) titanium b) aluminium c) copper d) metal

2. a) bicycle b) airplane c) train d) vehicle

3. a) decade b) week c) time-period d) century

4. a) components b) gears c) brakes d) wheels

5. a) wheel b) bicycle c) frames d) saddle

4. Make word combinations using the words from two columns and translate them.

5. Fill in the table with the derivatives to the following words.

6. Fill in the table comparing the conventional bicycle and the racing one. Enumerate the changes in the construction of the racing bicycle.

7. We can describe the reasons for some improvements or design changes in three ways. Study this example:

e.g. New racing bicycles have disc wheels to reduce wind resistance.

New racing bicycles have disc wheels because/ since/ as this reduces wind resistance.

New racing bicycles have disc wheels so that wind resistance is reduced.

Study the scheme and the table below and describe the reasons of changes in the construction of the racing bicycle.

8. Grammar Hint

In engineering, it is often necessary to compare or contrast different objects, solutions to problems, and developments. We can do it in a table like in the previous exercise or with the help of the following grammatical constructions:

1) The new bicycle is lighter than the old one. (сравнительная степень прилагательного)

2) The old bicycle is heavy, whereas the new one is light.

(whereas – тогда как, in contrast – напротив, but – а, тогда как)

3) Unlike the old bicycle the new one is light.

The new bicycle is different from the conventional one in that the new bike is light. (unlike – в отличие, different from – в отличие от)

Using these three kinds of describing differences, discuss the information from the table given in the previous exercise.

9. When we speak about the properties of materials we use nouns derived from adjectives. Study the table below.

Fill in the table with nouns and adjectives and translate them.

10. You should explain to your partner how to adjust the distance between the saddle and the handle bar of a racing bicycle. Write down grammatical forms from the text given below.