Согласные звуки в английском языке

1. В английском языке нельзя оглушать согласные в конце слов, поскольку это влияет на изменение значения слов.

Упражнение 16. Прочтите следующие слова, обращая внимание на звонкие и глухие согласные в конце слова. Переведите слова.

[d] [t] [g] [k] [v] [f] [z] [s]

had hat bag back leave leaf as ass

2. В английском языке буква с имеет четыре способа чтения

С = [s] перед e, i, y center, city, cycle, medicine, circle

С = [ ʃ ] перед i в безударном положении special, efficient, official, sociable, especially

Ck = [k] всегда black, neck, clock, nock, block

С = [k] во всех остальных случаях

3. В английском языке буква g имеет три способа чтения

g = [ʤ] перед e, i, y gentleman, gypsy, general, margin, gymnasium

g = [ g ] a) во всех остальных случаях go, smug, graduate, global, big

b) в словах-исключениях give, get, girl, begin

сh = [ʧ] в словах английского происхождения chest, chin, rich, chain

сh = [k] в словах греческого происхождения mechanical, chemistry, school, characteristic

sh = [ ʃ ] всегда shell, short, English, shoe, share

th = [р] в служебных словах и между гласными this, these, they, that, within

[θ] в остальных случаях

Упражнение 17. Прочтите следующие слова, соблюдая правила чтения.

gently, lace, large, introduce, cabbage, circle, garbage, register, ligament, comfort, special, bicycle, cartilage, pediatrician, cycle, give, ancient, tongue, agent, race, get, juicy, organic, angry, begin, Cyprus, peace, manage, register, fascinating

Упражнение 17. Прочтите и переведите следующие слова.

A) musician, organic, history, physiology, histology, thin, physics, third, biology, therapy, topographic anatomy;

B) shame, splash, special, ancient, species, short, share, dishes, shin, chin, chain, chapter, cheap, chilly, charity, choke.

Упражнение 18. Подчеркните правильную форму местоимения.

1. I have a brother, his/ him/he is responsible for students’ practice. 2. Him/his/he friends are interested in medicine. 3. Do you/your know his/ him/he? 4. We/our/us parents live in Toronto. 5. We/our/us love and miss they/their/them. 6. The parents have a large house with a garden in Toronto, so we often come to help them/their. 7. My/me flat is in London. 8. Me/my mother is a good cook, and I enjoy eating her/she food. 9. When we are not at home, we often send she/her e-mails.

Упражнение 19. Закончите следующие предложения, используя притяжательные местоимения.

1. They live with ……… parents. 2. Julia lives with ……. parents. 3. Do you live with ……. parents? 4. We live with ……. son. 5. Mr and Mrs Baker live in London, and ……. lives in Australia. 6. We’re going to invite all …….. friends to the party we are having tonight. 7. Ann is going out with ……. friends this evening. 8. I like tennis, and it is ……. favourite sport. 9. “Is that ……. car, Tony?” 10. I want to phone Ann, but I don’t know ……. phone number. 11. Do you think most students are happy at ……. Institutes? 12. This is a beautiful tree, and ……. leaves are of a beautiful colour. 13. John has a brother and a sister. ……. brother is 25 and ……. Is 21.

Упражнение 20. Закончите следующие предложения, используя местоимения в объектном падеже.

1. Where is Ann? Have you seen …….? 2. Where are my keys? Where did I put …….? 3. This letter is for Bill. Can you give it to …….? 4. We write to John every week, but he doesn’t answer …….. 5. I have taken your pen. Can I use …….? 6. We’re going to the cinema. Why don’t you come with …….? 7. Did your sister pass …… exams last week? 8. Some students visit different clubs. Do you join …….?

Упражнение 21. Переведите притяжательные местоимения, данные в скобках, на английский язык и прочтите эти предложения.

1. (Его) laptop is new. 2. (Наша) family is large. 3. (Ваши) fiends are in the cinema now. 4. (Её) library has many interesting books. 5. (Моя) sister is a doctor. 6. (Их) project is the best at the Institute.

Упражнение 22. Заполните пропуски нужной формой личных и притяжательных местоимений.

1. (my, her) I live with a friend. ……. friend is a musician. (I, she) ……. has many colleagues. (her, his, our, their) ……. colleagues often come to ……. place. (my, his, they, we, her, our) ……. brother has many friends too, and ……. often come to ……. house either. 2. (my, our) ……. house is big. (his, its) ……. rooms are large. (him, us; your, our; his our) “Tell ……. about ……. parents,” said ……. teacher.

Упр. 23. Заполните пропуски нужной формой притяжательных местоимений.

1.Mandy is eleven today. It’s ….. birthday. 2. Ann and Cheryl are fourteen today. It’s …… birthday. 3. I’m thirteen today. It’s …. Birthday. 4. Rebecca is twelve today. It’s ….. birthday. 5. Ben is sixteen today. It’s ….. birthday. 6. Jane and I are eleven today. It’s ….. birthday.