Nature Preserves

(Заповедники)

Nature Preserves are a special category of protected natural territories. They are forever withdrawn from any economic consumption (использование) with the purpose of protecting flora and fauna in their territories, and they are also used for scientific research.

Among six Nature Preserves, established in the pre-Revolutionary Russia, was the Kedrovaya Pad (Valley). This Nature Preserve is located close to Vladivostok. In 1935 the Lazovsky and the Sikhotae-Alin Nature Preserves were created with the purpose of increasing the sable (сoболь) population. To preserve cedar the Ussuriisky Nature Preserve was opened in 1930. Its total area is more than 40, 000 ha. It was founded on the initiative of the president of Russian Academy of Science, academician V.L.Komarov. It includes the Upper Komarovka and the Upper Artemovka. In the Preserve there are 2949 species of plants, 13 of which are on the Endangered Species List (внесены в Красную книгу): Ussuriisky tiger, Ussuriisky forest cat, Far Eastern leopard, mandarin duck, Black stork (аист), Giant woodcutter (дятел).

Over 1,000 plant species grow here: aralia, eleutherococcus, the wild Amur grape, the wild rose, rododendron, actinidia.

In the Upper Artemovka in the limestones there is a natural cave “A Dreaming Beauty” where the traces of ancient culture of the 9^th century were found. There is an ecological centre “Ussuriiky Endemic”, Museum of Nature and some ecological routes here. You can enjoy wildlife in this preserve.

The Khankaysky Nature Preserve was founded in 1990. There are 334 birds species, 47 mammals species, 74 fish species and 7 reptile species in this Preserve. The Far Eastern tortoise (черепаха) and Chinese perch, Lotus are on the Endanger List. White herons (цапли) make their nests (гнезда) only here in Russia. You can see swans, ducks in this place. And in the time of migration there are a lot of Japanese and Black cranes (журавли) in the lake.

The Far Eastern Marine Nature Preserve is located in the Khasansky Region. The flora of the Preserve is represented by 705 species of vascular plants (сосудистые); 21 of them are rare. There are 7 species of mammals and 306 species of birds in the Preserve. It is one of the most unique Nature Preserves in Russia because it protects flora and fauna of Peter the Great Bay.

9. Chose a project you’d like to do.

1. My Favourite Places in Prymoriye.

- Say where they are situated.

- What is special about them.

- Make posters or wall newspapers with the sights.

2. Nature Preserves.

- Say where they are situated.

- When and why they were founded.

- Name main concerns.

- Make posters.

3. The Future of My Place.

- Say how you see your place in future.

- Name main concerns (problems).

- Say whether you have an optimistic or pessimistic variant.

UNIT 10

Ussuriisk.

Words to be remembered.

1. valley - долина

2. incentive – толчок

2. especially – особенно

3. duke - князь

4. request - просьба

5. mansion - особняк

6. magnificent - великолепный

7. unveil – торжественно открывать

8. to destroy - разрушать

9. temple - храм

10. development развитие

11. establishment – учреждение

12. to consider – считать

13. to remind – напоминать

14. to defend – защищать

15. dweller - житель

Exercises (Pre-reading tasks).

1. Practise the pronunciation of the words from the text. When in doubt refer to the transcription below:

accurate, rectangular, especially, quarter, governor, duke, request, mansion, magnificent, honour, triumphal, arch, chapel, Heir, crown, Thaumaturge, wreckage, icon, archpriest, sugar, margarine, laundry, soap, eleuterococus, schizandra, pasterboard, depot, sergent.

['ækj¶r¶t], [rek'tæŋgjul¶], [Is'spe∫li], ['kwt¶], ['gΛv¶n¶], [djuk], [rI'kwest], ['mæn∫¶n], [mæg'nIfIsnt], [':n¶], [traI'emf¶l], [a:t∫], ['t∫æpl], [ε¶], [kraun], ['θ:m¶'t¶:d¯], ['rekId¯], ['aIk¶n], ['a:t∫prI:st], [∫ug¶], ['ma:d¯¶'rI:n], [lndrI], [s¶up], [skI'zændr¶], ['peIstb:d], ['depou], ['sa:d¯nt].