Karaieva T.V. English language advisor, Cand.Ped. Sc., associate professor. Peculiarities of pricing at the agrarian enterprises including the factors effecting and defining them

Peculiarities of pricing at the agrarian enterprises including the factors effecting and defining them, such as state regulations, applying integrated pricing methodology being based on the producer price concept, the necessity of state support have been considered in the article.

Price is one of the major tools for income distribution as well as raising the effectiveness of agrarian production. Pricing in agrarian sector has its own peculiarities among which it is necessary to distinguish cost, high production expenditures, the need of state support as well as the need of following the equivalence principle in the exchange between industry and agrarian sector; great seasonal gap between current capital investment and income acquisition.

In the course of years of transitional period for Ukraine to market economy the price disparity has been formed not in favor of agriculture.

According the law of Ukraine "On prices and pricing" (from December, 1990) with further changes and amendments, new with market aspiration principles of price politics are stopped up in that, where the pricing principles for market economy have been formulated, the demand to keep the objective interrelations in prices both for industrial and agrarian products had been set in order to provide the equivalence of exchange.

Price policy should be realized under market conditions on the basis of the free pricing being combined with state regulations applying the integrated pricing methodology based on the producer price concept. Aggregate value as well as the price for agrarian products are being defined by manufacturing environment having comparatively worse conditions as for plots fertility and location related to the market and, consequently, worse abilities for marketing [3].

The price for the products being produced at the plots having worse conditions should cover the production expenditures, renting and getting profit.

Another pricing factor, being not less important among agrarian producers, is state support in agrarian products price, requiring, in its turn, considerable investments. The effective means of state regulation of prices is introduction of mortgage prices. They are fixed and being established by the state. To define them one need to base on the target prices providing obtaining by agrarian products producers the target income [2].

The equivalence in this case is being used as a variety of balanced inter-branch exchange between industrial and agricultural production. In the countries having market economy the prices for industrial and agricultural products, in the sphere of turnover are being determined mainly on the basis of the law of demand and supply. Price changes for agricultural produce presuppose conditions for strengthening their disparity during short-term period provided the increase of sale volumes of agricultural produce [1].

Various means for stabilizing agrarian products prices are being used in the world practice, in particular, such means as prices balancing for a year for stabilizing producers profit; seasonal price stabilizing; annual price adjustment to control inflation as well as leveling export profit to stabilize budget taking [4].

It is reasonable to define the price for products of agrarian producers taking into account the normative indices for cost price, marketing expenditures, renting plots and property; administrative, financial and other expenses of current activities having at least 5-6% rate of profit [2].

On the basis of pricing peculiarities analysis having been made in agrarian sector it should be mentioned that the principle approach for price mechanism improvement in agro-industrial complex is the complex one for pricing at all the stages of realizing cycle; gradual transition from regulated to free process under active state control for proving equivalent exchange between industrial and agrarian products; gradual approaching of internal prices to world market price that will enable to increase functioning efficiency not only agrarian producers but the country in whole.