Automation in Industry. Many industries are highly automated or use automa­tion technology in some part of their operation

Many industries are highly automated or use automa­tion technology in some part of their operation. In com­munications and especially in the telephone industry di­alling and transmission are all done automatically. Rail­ways are also controlled by automatic signalling devices, which have sensors that detect carriages passing a par­ticular point. In this way the movement and location of trains can be monitored.

Not all industries require the same degree of automa­tion. Sales, agriculture, and some service industries are difficult to automate, though agriculture industry may become more mechanized, especially in the processing and packaging of foods.

The automation technology in manufacturing and as­sembly is widely used in car and other consumer product industries.

Nevertheless, each industry has its own concept of automation that answers its particular production needs.

2. General understanding:

1. How is the term automation defined in the text?

2. What is the most «familiar example» of automation given in the text?

3. What was the first step in the development of automaton?

4. What were the first robots originally designed for?

5. What was the first industry to adopt the new integrated system of production?

6. What is feedback principle?

7. What do the abbreviations CAM and CAD stand for?

8. What is FMS?

9. What industries use automation technologies?

3. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:

1. последовательность операций

2. завод по сборке автомобилей

3. непроизводственная система

4. системы автоматического управления

5. автоматические устройства

6. автоматизированное производство

7. повторяли движения рабочих

8. выполнять простые задачи

9. как легкие, так и тяжелые детали

10.интегрированная система производства

11.принцип обратной связи

12.механизм может разгоняться и тормозить

13.компьютер автоматически посылает команды

14. высокоавтоматизированная система

15. непроизводственная система