Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, рабочее и вспомогательное оборудование, электрический кабель, металлический кабель

Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, рабочее и вспомогательное оборудование, электрический кабель, металлический кабель, сельскохозяйственный тракторы, тяжелый груз, рулевой механизм, вспомогательное устройство, коробка передач, пусковой аппарат.

8. Describe the main types and components of tractor.

1. Fill in the gaps using the words from the box:

Power source, subgrade, bulldozer, heavy equipment, earthwork operations,

scraper, four-wheel, cable tractor, tree dozer, tractor.

1. Some historians consider that an American named Benjamin Holt invented the first _________ in 1904, and originally called it a “caterpillar” or a crawler tractor.

2. _________ is a machine for moving earth over short distances (up to about two miles) over relatively smooth areas.

3. A _________ is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery used in agriculture or construction.

4. _________ drive tractors began to appear in the 1960s.

5. _________ refers to heavy-duty vehicles, specially designed for executing construction tasks, most frequently ones involving _________.

6. A machine consists of a _________ and a power transmission system, which provides controlled use of the power.

7. _________ is the native material underneath a constructed road, pavement or railway track.

8. _________ is used to clear bushes and small trees.

9. A _________ is used for pulling cables.